by approval of building advance-sale act in 2010, it is permitted to sell in advance the buildings to be built in future. in this act, certain rights and obligations are provided for the advance-sellers and advance-buyers. the approval of the said act is a development in the law of sale of buildings. amongst them are the requirement for official registration of any building advance-sale, statut...

Dynamic characteristics of a typical multistory building in Iran have been studied in two different stages of building construction, using ambient vibration tests. Finite element models have also been used to determine these characteristics and to verify test results. The results indicated the agreements and also differences between conventional theoretical models and the behaviour of real stru...

abstract a basic aim of low energy architecture is to create a thermally comfortable internal environment for building occupants whilst consuming the least possible amount of energy. in desert countries this aim is more difficult to achieve since high ambient air temperatures create a barrier to comfort. traditional building types of these countries, such as courtyard building, have evolved to ...

in this paper a simple model of a three story building with inclined first-story columns has presented. the stories are supposed to be rigid and are connected to axially rigid mass less columns by elasto-plastic rotational springs and linear rotational dampers. the considered model is subjected to horizontal component of fault normal pulse with different magnitudes and the governed nonlinear di...

results in terms of radon and thoron emissions, travertine and plaster were found to be the most appropriate and inappropriate covering for walls, respectively. furthermore, granite and travertine were discovered to be inappropriate materials for flooring, while plastic floor covering was found suitable. natural ventilation performed better for radon, while artificial ventilation worked better ...