Investigations of the 'guns vs. butter' trade-off models of military spending have yielded surprisingly inauspicious results in spite of the intuitively appealing nature of the hypothesis that the more we spend on defense the less we can spend on social welfare, etc. This paper examines the standard specification of the tradeoff model and demonstrates that the lack of empirical success of this ...

OBJECTIVE Estimate the budgetary impact of using a set-dose combination of efavirenz-emtricitabine-tenofovir for the Spanish health care system's treatment of patients infected with HIV-1, while evaluating repercussions for each autonomous community in 2008. METHODS We developed a budgetary impact model with pharmacological costs for the different currently available treatment options, based ...

This paper investigates the association between different kinds of budgetary expenditure and economic growth of Poland. The empirical analysis makes use of linear and nonlinear Granger causality tests to evaluate the applicability of Wagner’s Law and that of the contrasting Keynesian theory. We employ aggregate and disaggregate data with the sub-categories of most important budgetary expenditur...

In this paper, we construct a dynamic general-equilibrium overlapping-generations model with heterogeneous households and analyze the macroeconomic, budgetary, and welfare effects of introducing tax-deferred retirement saving accounts similar to the U.S. 401(k) plans. We solve the model for equilibrium transition path to show both the long-run and short-run effects under several different finan...

Prior to EMU, fiscal policy within the EU was disciplined by the threat of exclusion of the single currency; post-EMU, discipline has been exerted through the provisions of the Stability and Growth Pact. In this paper, we contrast the discipline induced by the two separate regimes on three specific criteria: the probability of violating the 3% deficit limit, the probability of commencing a budg...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether primary drug prevention of osteoporotic hip fracture is a useful measure in Catalonia and what would be their budgetary impact. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a cost-utility social perspective study with a time horizon of 10 to 20 years. Univariate sensitivity analysis was performed. Doing nothing is compared with an intervention that includes screening for ...

In large organizations, division managers are not necessary solely motivated by profit maximization goals but rather by some self – interest motives. These self-interest motives may explicit itself in the organization budgeting process. A control problem arises usually when division managers use their private information to make decision consistent with selfinterest rather than the interest of ...

Traditional Medicare is being threatened from two political directions. The current Republican coalition, on the right, simply dislikes social insurance in principle. It seeks privatization for its own sake. Another perspective, centrist and well established among political and economic elites, worries that the program is "unaffordable," whatever its basic merits. Defenders of traditional Medic...

We assess the implications of demographic uncertainty for the budgetary position in Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and the United Kingdom. We evaluate the frequency distribution of the increase in taxes needed to deliver fiscal solvency.

Potential cost-effective barriers in cost-effectiveness studies mean that budgetary impact analyses should also be included in post-2015 Sustainable Development Goal projects says Joshua Salomon and colleagues.