We analyzed the impact of religious affiliation on the ethical and environmental values of Spanish environmental activists, based on an internet survey and a working seminar held with representatives of major environmental non-government organizations (ENGO) of Spain. Respondents’ religious affiliations were significantly different compared with those of Spanish society in general, with a much ...

This article examines Sai On’s understanding of language and its correspondence with reality within the context of Confucianism, Buddhism, and the politics of eighteenth-century Ryukyu. Well aware of the limitations of language in conveying profound metaphysical truths, Sai On criticized Buddhists for their alleged erudition while displaying considerable rhetorical skill and erudition himself. ...

This article explores the Buddhist interactions between Tibet and China in contemporary period. In contrast to recent studies understanding Buddhist revival in Tibet within the framework of ‘ChinaTibet’ divide, this paper reveals that along with Buddhist revival and the creative strategies that Tibetan monks use to accomplish this revival, the interactions and ties between Tibetan and Chinese B...

Animal welfare has become a growing concern affecting acceptability of agricultural systems in many countries around the world. An earlier Judeo-Christian interpretation of the Bible (1982) that dominion over animals meant that any degree of exploitation was acceptable has changed for most people to mean that each person has responsibility for animal welfare. This view was evident in some ancie...

Early Buddhist karma is an impersonal moral force that impartially and inevitably causes the consequences of actions to be visited upon the actor, especially determining their afterlife destination. The story of King Ajātasattu in the Pāli Samaññaphala Sutta, where not even the Buddha can intervene to save him, epitomizes the criterion of inescapability. Zoroastrian ethical thought runs along s...

Describing anything as ‘Buddhist’, including in this case a distinctively Buddhist bioethics, is fundamentally problematic from both a historic and Buddhist point of view. Historically, the Buddhist tradition has evolved in dozens of countries for 2500 years, with no one tradition having clear doctrinal authority over the others. Internally, even if a common Buddhist ethics was implicit in the ...

In the past few decades the West has witnessed an explosion of interest among psychologists, theologians, scientists, and philosophers alike in what Huxley (1970) has called philosophia perennis,the 'perennial philosophy', a universal doctrine as to the nature of man and reality lying at the very heart of every major metaphysical tradition, whether that of the Hindus, the Buddhists, the Amerind...

This paper seeks to argue that creativity is not limited to only innovations and new discoveries. It encompasses other dominant and significant aspects of human intervention in the form of cognitions which are highlighted in our discussion. Further, it argues that there are two sorts of creativity: historical creativity and psychological creativity. Psychological creativity differs logically an...