We identified risk factors for Buruli ulcer (BU) in Benin in an unmatched case-control study at the Centre Sanitaire et Nutritionnel Gbemoten in southern Benin. A total of 2,399 persons admitted from 1997 through 2003 and 1,444 unmatched patients with other conditions in 2002 were recruited. Adjusted odds ratios were determined for age, sex, place of residence, Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccinati...

BACKGROUND Buruli ulcer (BU) disease is a chronic debilitating skin disease caused by Mycobacteriumulcerans. It is associated with areas where the water is slow-flowing or stagnant. Policy makers take the necessary strategic and policy decisions especially where to target interventions based on available evidence including spatial distribution of the disease. Unfortunately, there is limited inf...

We classify the compact quantum groups Au(Q) (resp. Bu(Q)) up to isomorphism when Q > 0 (resp. when QQ̄ ∈ RIn). We show that the general Au(Q)’s and Bu(Q)’s for arbitrary Q have explicit decompositions into free products of these special Au(Q)’s and Bu(Q)’s.

Özet. Yazılım projelerinin başarı ile yönetilebilmesi amacıyla iş gücü, bütçe, takvim gibi önemli kısıtlar için proje yaşam döngüsü başlangıcında yapılacak kestirimler oldukça önemlidir. Yazılım işlevsel büyüklüğü bu kestirimler için kullanılabilecek objektif ve karşılaştırılabilir önemli bir girdidir. Bu çalışmada yazılım işlevsel büyüklük ölçüm yöntemlerini uygulamaya karar veren kurumların b...

We classify the compact quantum groups Au(Q) and Bu(Q) up to isomorphism and analyze their structures. Structures et classifications isomorphiques des groupes quantiques compacts Au(Q) et Bu(Q) Résumé. Nous classifions les groupes quantiques compacts Au(Q) et Bu(Q) à isomorphisme près et analysons leur structures. Version française abrégée Rappelons [5, 4, 3] que pour chaque Q ∈ GL(n,C), le gro...

BACKGROUND Buruli ulcer (BU) is an extensively damaging skin infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, whose transmission mode is still unknown. The focal distribution of BU and the absence of interpersonal transmission suggest a major role of environmental factors, which remain unidentified. This study provides the first description of the spatio-temporal variations of BU in an endemic Afric...

BACKGROUND Buruli ulcer (BU) is a skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Its exact mode of transmission is not known. Previous studies have identified demographic, socio-economic, health and hygiene as well as environment related risk factors. We investigated whether the same factors pertain in Suhum-Kraboa-Coaltar (SKC) and Akuapem South (AS) Districts in Ghana which previously were no...

In this paper, we consider an optimal rate control algorithm for shape coding of emerging MPEG-4 compression system. Current MPEG-4 shape coding consists of two sub-steps; First distortion is introduced by scaling down and up way. Then, second, context-based arithmetic coding is applied. Since the arithmetic coding is \lossless", scaling down and up step is considered as a virtual quantizer. We...

BACKGROUND Previous analyses of sera from a limited number of Ghanaian Buruli ulcer (BU) patients, their household contacts, individuals living in BU non-endemic regions as well as European controls have indicated that antibody responses to the M. ulcerans 18 kDa small heat shock protein (shsp) reflect exposure to this pathogen. Here, we have investigated to what extent inhabitants of regions i...

The reaction of NiBr(2)(EtOH)(4) with a 1:2-3 mixture of FeBr(2)(CO)(4) and Na(SPh) generated a linear trinuclear Fe-Ni-Fe cluster (CO)(3)Fe(mu-SPh)(3)Ni(mu-SPh)(3)Fe(CO)(3), 1, whereas the analogous reaction system FeBr(2)(CO)(4)/Na(S(t)Bu)/NiBr(2)(EtOH)(4) (1:2-3:1) gave rise to a linear tetranuclear Fe-Ni-Ni-Fe cluster [(CO)(3)Fe(mu-S(t)Bu)(3)Ni(mu-Br)](2), 2. By using this tetranuclear clus...