OBJECTIVE To examine adiposity in relation to breastfeeding using longitudinal analysis in an Australian birth cohort. STUDY DESIGN Repeated surveys from 16 weeks gestation to 8 years in a cohort (N = 2087) recruited through antenatal clinics. Overweight was defined by National Center for Health Statistics 95th percentiles for weight-for-length at 1 year and body mass index (BMI) at 3, 6, and...

OBJECTIVE To document metabolic adaptation to ex utero life in small- (SGA) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants in relation to fetal nutrition and postnatal feeding practices. METHODS In a prospective study, 65 SGA (< or = second centile) and 39 LGA (> or = 98th centile) full-term infants were recruited. Anthropometry was performed within the first 48 hours. There was full support of ...

Recent case reports highlight the resurgence of rickets in certain groups of breastfed infants. Infants residing in the North, irrespective of skin color, and dark-skinned African American infants residing anywhere in the United States are most vulnerable to nutritional rickets if they are exclusively breastfed past age 6 months without vitamin D supplementation. At the turn of the 20th century...

BACKGROUND Much evidence of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infant infectious morbidity predates availability of maternal combination antiretroviral therapy and does not control for universal risk factors (preterm birth, low birth weight, suboptimal breastfeeding and poverty). METHODS This prospective cohort study identified HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers and their newborns from South A...

OBJECTIVE Contrary to the folklore which claims that drinking alcohol during lactation benefits both mother and infant, previous research in our laboratory revealed that breastfed infants consumed significantly less milk during the immediate hours after their mothers' consumption of an alcoholic beverage. Because breastfed infants are clearly capable of regulating milk intake, the present study...

Objective: To compare nutritional status and physical growth among infants according to age at introduction of complementary food (CF). Design: A longitudinal observational study. Setting: Three health clinics in a rural area of Senegal. Subjects: During immunization sessions, 522 infants were recruited at 2-3 months. Complete data on three visits were available for 420 infants (4 visits: n = 3...

BACKGROUND Iron and vitamin D deficiencies cause a variety of health issues in children, which might have long-lasting effects even in asymptomatic cases. The present study sought to elucidate the potential association between iron status and serum vitamin D levels in infants. METHODS We evaluated 102 infants aged 3-24 months who visited the CHA Bundang Medical Center from August 2010 to July...