In direct competition between national brands of consumer packaged goods (CPG), one brand often has a large local share advantage over the other despite that the products are similar. I present an explanation for these large and persistent advantages in the context of local competition on perceived quality or brand image. The main result of the analysis is a relation between varying degrees of ...

Originally, “brand” meant only a mark of identification. Brick makers in ancient Egypt marked their bricks to avoid blame for the collapse of a building [1]. In ancient times, potters would also put marks on their work for identification [2]. Today, the word “brand” has taken on a new meaning. Blackett has even argued that “...brands have come to symbolize the convergence of the world’s economi...

This study aims to identify the mediating effect of trust on brand loyalty and brand equity. Three antecedents including cognitive and experiential factors are evaluated to identify their direct effects on brand loyalty and brand equity. Their indirect effects through trust are also evaluated. This study conducted a survey through both paper-based and online based survey. The respondents were 2...

In today’s multi-brand multi-channel marketplace, optimal channel structure design involves issues such as distribution intensity, channel exclusivity, vertical integration, and the use of an online-offline mixed channel structure. This study investigates how a channel member’s choice in these areas affects its profitability in a market characterized by varying degrees of differentiation among ...

The brand is a very special asset and in many businesses it is the most important asset. This is due to the farreaching economic impact that brands have on enterprise. Brands influence the choice of customers, employees, investors and government authorities. In a world of abundant choices such influence is crucial for commercial success and creation of shareholder value. Even non-profit organis...

Marketers value and seek brand loyalty. Consequently, they have developed a variety of strategies to encourage both behavioral (repeat purchase) and attitudinal (emotional) loyalty among customers. A recent concept has emerged related to the latter goal: brand engagement. Although marketers give a variety of definitions for brand engagement, the essential concept is an emotional attachment to a...

This paper aims at determining the effect of e-news brand trust and the consequences of e-news brand trust. The model used in this study were tested on two news brands online, namely Detik.com and Kompas.com. Total sample of this study is accounted for 418 respondents, of which 239 respondents are kompas.com reader and 179 respondents’ reader of Detik.com. Results of this study indicate that bo...

By definition, brand strategy is a long-term plan for the development of a successful brand in order to achieve specific goals. A well-defined and executed brand strategy affects all aspects of a business and is directly connected to consumer needs, emotions, and competitive environments. The main purpose of the current study is to investigate brand and product congruity and its effect on brand...