Brain metastases are a common complication of systemic cancer and a significant cause of morbidity. For patients whose brain metastases remain untreated, the prognosis is poor. The advent of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging has made accurate diagnosis of brain metastases among symptomatic patients a much more manageable task. However, approximately one-third of patients with intracr...

The brain, cranial nerves, leptomeninges, spinal cord, and eye compose the central nervous system (CNS) and are at risk for the development of metastases from breast cancer. Such metastases are diagnosed on the basis of clinical suspicion and substantiated by neuroimaging, resection when indicated, and sampling of cerebrospinal fluid when leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is suspected. Treatment i...

BACKGROUND This retrospective study evaluated the incidence of brain metastases in a subgroup of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who were randomly assigned to receive sorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor (400 mg b.i.d.), versus placebo in the phase III Treatment Approaches in Renal Cancer Global Evaluation Trial (TARGET). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients enrolled in TARGE...

We report the case of a woman with diffuse brain metastases from lung cancer who experienced total regression of the metastases under gefitinib treatment. The 58-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a complaint of severe headache. A brain MRI revealed diffuse metastatic lesions in the cerebra and cerebellum. Adenocarcinoma of the lung with multiple brain metastases was diagnosed. Th...

Brain metastases are the most common type of brain tumor in adults and are an increasingly important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. In recent years, important advances have been made in the diagnosis and management of brain metastases. These advances include the widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), enabling small metastases to be detected; the introduction o...

Brain metastases originating from pancreatic cancer are associated with a dismal prognosis and, generally, therapeutic options remain palliative. We present the cases of two patients that developed brain metastases after resection of a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Brain metastases were resected successfully and neither patients developed any further tumor recurrence. These cases demonstrat...

BACKGROUND Patients with breast cancer brain metastasis are a heterogeneous group in relation to tumor biology and outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS The group of 222 breast cancer patients with brain metastasis was divided into three biological subgroups. The propensity of biological subtypes for metastases to the brain and survivals depending on biological subtype, recursive partitioning analys...

Brain metastasis is a major cause of systemic cancer morbidity and mortality. Many factors participate in the development and maintenance of brain metastases. The survival of the metastasis depends upon crucial interactions between tumour cells and the brain microenvironment during its development at the new site. This review focuses on the pathobiological mechanisms involved in the establishme...

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The purpose our meta-analysis was to assess the risk factors for brain metastases (BM) in patients with non-small cell lung (NSCLC).

About 10% of all cancer patients will develop brain metastases during advanced disease progression. Interestingly, the vast majority of brain metastases occur in only three types of cancer: Melanoma, lung and breast cancer. In this review, we focus on summarizing the prognosis and impact of surgical resection of brain metastases originating from gastrointestinal cancers such as esophageal, gast...