This review deals with the role of viruses in the aetiology of bovine mastitis. Bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 4, foot-and-mouth disease virus, and parainfluenza 3 virus have been isolated from milk from cows with clinical mastitis. Intramammary inoculations of bovine herpesvirus 1 or parainfluenza 3 virus-induced clinical mastitis, while an intramammary inoculation of foot-and-mouth ...

the ph dependence study reveals that the cys 206 sulphydryl group of bovine carbonicanhydrase in the native form is not exposed. during the reaction of 2,2'-dithiobispyridine (2-dtp) with the enzyme, there was no absorbance change recorded. in the presence ofsurfactants, the ph dependence profiles of the apparent second order rate constants, kapp, forthe reaction of 2-dtp with bovine carbonic a...

respiratory disorders are major concern for dairy cattle industry. viruses and bacteria in combinationwith stress play a key role in triggering acute respiratory infections. the most important viral agents arebovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1), bovine respiratory syncytial virus(brsv), parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) and bovine adenovirus (bav). this cros...

the objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various combination activators of bovine oocyte following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) in terms of cleavage and embryo development. bovine icsi oocytes were treated with a variation of treatments of combined or single activators as follows; 30 v for 15 x 2 μsec of electrical pulse +10 μg/ml cycloheximide (chx),7% ethanol...

the holstein bulls (n=50) were genotyped for bovine lymphocyte antigen (bola-drb3.2) alleles by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp). genomic dna was extracted from bull semen using phenol-chloroform method. a two-step pcr was conducted in order to amplify a 284 base-pair fragment of the target gene. amplicons were digested by rsai, haeiii and bstyi ...

organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides are likely to pollute lipid-containing food sources, like milk (3-5% fat), owing to their lipophilicity, thereby jeopardizing the benefits of milk as a health food. pesticide load in bovine milk may be from the leaching of pesticides persisting in the adipose tissue of the animal, or through direct contamination during milking or improper handling o...

1320 blood samples were collected from herds showing clinical signs of pestiviral infections. 39 samples were positive in ag-elisa assay. all these 39 samples in addition to 5 cytopathic strains were cultured in md-bk cell line and presence of pestiviral antigens was confirmed by direct-immunofluorescent test. 27 out of 44 bvdv suspected isolates were detected by rt-pcr using a primer set. diff...

the ph dependence study reveals that the cys 206 sulphydryl group of bovine carbonicanhydrase in the native form is not exposed. during the reaction of 2,2'-dithiobispyridine (2-dtp) with the enzyme, there was no absorbance change recorded. in the presence ofsurfactants, the ph dependence profiles of the apparent second order rate constants, kapp, forthe reaction of 2-dtp with bovine carbo...

abstract aims: bovine mastitis continues to be the most costly disease to the dairy farmers. it dominates in iran as one of the most prevalent diseases in dairy cattle among the dairy farms. mastitis treatment with antibiotics leads to the development of antibiotic resistant strains and consumer health problem. this study was performed for the first time to analyze in vitro effects of hydro-alc...

cryptosporidium is a globally distributed protozoan parasite and one of the most common causes of infection and diarrhea in humans and cattle. the aim of the present study was to determine the species of cryptosporidium among cattle with diarrhea by a nested pcr-rflp technique at cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein ( cowp ). fecal samples from 158 calves aged 1-20 weeks were collected from 10 d...