OBJECTIVES Evaluate upper limb performance in adults receiving botulinum toxin-A injections for upper limb spasticity using Dynamic Computerised Hand Dynamometry and current clinical measures. DESIGN Pre-test/post-test clinical intervention study. SUBJECTS/PATIENTS Twenty-eight participants with spasticity following acquired brain injury. METHODS Botulinum toxin-A effects were measured 4 ...

Hyperhidrosis is an idiopathic condition of exaggerated sweat production resulting in dramatic impairments of daily activities, social interactions and occupational activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate correlation between a subjective (Dermatology Life Quality Index) and an objective (Minor test) criterion and to assess difference in their levels over time in patients affect...

A group of clinicians from across Europe experienced in the use of botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of spasticity following acquired brain injury gathered to develop a consensus statement on best practice in managing adults with spasticity. This consensus table summarizes the current published data, which was collated following extensive literature searches, their assessment for level o...

Botulinum toxins are one of the most potent biological known. They cause botulism in wildlife and livestock, thus, regarded as a problem veterinary medicine. On other hand, use purified low dose pharmaceutical grade botulinum toxin serotype A (BoNT-A) different human clinical implications such movement, autonomic disorders, pain conditions have expanded last 30-40 years based on its long-lastin...

Cleveland, Ohio Background: The objective of the study was to determine whether botulinum toxin type A injections can serve as a prognosticator for migraine surgery success. Methods: Patients who underwent migraine surgery from 2000 to 2010 by the senior author (B.G.) were reviewed. Patients were included if they had botulinum toxin type A injection before surgery; had completed postinjection, ...

Aesthetic practitioners prefer various reconstitution volumes for botulinum toxins (BoNTAs). Some injectors prefer larger volumes of bacteriostatic normal saline (NaCl) to achieve a larger diffusion in certain areas and a smaller volume for more precise administration of the BoNTA. Some practitioners believe dilution volumes do not matter at all in relation to spread or diffusion, asserting the...

BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin A has been used increasingly in the treatment of focal hyperhidrosis. OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term efficacy of botulinum toxin A in the treatment of hyperhidrosis and the changes in quality of life and patient satisfaction with treatment. METHODS A questionnaire was designed to assess the efficacy using visual analog scales and the quality of life both before...

The article provides general information on botulinum therapy in treating spastic forms of cerebral palsy; a review of modern botulinum toxin A drugs’ injection precision control methods at spasticity and other pathologic states is given; advantages and disadvantages of each injection control method are analyzed in detail. Special attention is paid to the substantiated choice of the injection c...