BACKGROUND The extent to which welfare states may influence health outcomes has not been explored. It was hypothesised that policies which target the poor are associated with greater income inequality in oral health quality of life than those that provide earnings-related benefits to all citizens. METHODS Data were from nationally representative surveys in the UK (n = 4064), Finland (n = 5078...

Hochberg & Benjamini (1990) first presented adaptive procedures for controlling familywise error rate. However, until now, it has not been proved that these procedures control the familywise error rate. We introduce a simplified version of Hochberg & Benjamini’s adaptive Bonferroni and Holm procedures. Assuming a conditional dependence model, we prove that the former procedure controls the fami...

Let A1, A2, . . . , Am and B1, B2, . . . , Bn be two sequences of events on the same probability space. Let X = Xm(A) and Y = Yn(B), respectively, denote the numbers of those Ai’s and Bj ’s which occur. We establish new bivariate Bonferroni-type inequalities using consecutive events and deduce a known result.

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the level of ecomomic (income or expenditure) inequality in khorasan province has been unknown. this paper tries to estimate and compare the trends of expenditure (income) inequality in khorasan province and the whole iran during 1971-2001 in two categories of urban and rural regions. for this purpose, inequality indices (gini coefficient and income deciles) were estimated parametrically. the r...

The Shewhart and the Bonferroni-adjustment S control charts are usually applied to monitor the standard deviation of a quality characteristic. The control limits of these charts are constructed using approximately the normal distribution in case that the standard deviation parameter is known or unknown. In this paper, we establish a new S chart that is based approximately on the normal distribu...

This research was conducted to study the effect of gender inequality on social participation of women. The method used in this research was Ex-Post Facto and survey method. The statistical population included female students in different fields of faculty of humanities and faculty of training sciences and psychology (Islamic Azad University) Garmsar Branch in 2012-2013. Research instruments inc...

R egional unbalanced growth and the factors affecting it are one of the most important economic issues in developing countries. In this research, after evaluating the regional inequality at the provincial level of Iran, in order to examine the effect of economic factors on it, it was considered as a spatial econometric model using panel data during the period of 2001 to 2015. The evaluatio...

we study the effect of education and its expenditures, especially in higher education, on poverty and income inequality. using the keynesian approach it is shown that education, from the theoretical point of view, lowers poverty and income inequality level. in an empirical work we, used the data including 111 observations from 91 countries, with different human development levels, and concluded...