Purpose: Experimental measurements of bone mineral density distributions (BMDDs) enable a determination of secondary mineralisation kinetics in bone, but the maximum degree of mineralisation and how this maximum is approached remain uncertain. We thus test computationally different hypotheses on late stages of bone mineralisation by simulating BMDDs in low turnover conditions. Materials and Met...

The bones play an important structural role in the organism. They provide mobility, support, and protect the body, and the place where the storage essential minerals. Healthy bones have a crucial impact on the overall health of a person, and activities that promote health and preventive influence on the formation of bone disease are crucial in maintaining a strong and healthy skeletal system. P...

A theoretical experimentally based multi-scale model of the elastic response of cortical bone is presented. It portrays the hierarchical structure of bone as a composite with interpenetrating biopolymers (collagen and non-collagenous proteins) and minerals (hydroxyapatite), together with void spaces (porosity). The model involves a bottom-up approach and employs micromechanics and classical lam...

Severe bone resorption of the vertebral body in reared rainbow trout was thought to be a dysfunction in mineral balance induced by increased growth rate in unfavourable rearing conditions. To verify this assumption, we sampled market-sized trout (c. 250 g) from 20 fish farms with different rearing conditions. Growth rate was also studied by sampling trout reared in three different water tempera...

Nutrition is important to bone health, and a number of minerals and vitamins have been identified as playing a potential role in the prevention of bone diseases, particularly osteoporosis. Despite this, there is currently no consensus on maximum levels to allow in food or as dietary supplements. The benefits of supplementation of populations at risk of osteoporosis with Ca and vitamin D are wel...

Kelp bass (Paralabrax clathratus) and leopard sharks (Triakis semifasciata) are characterized by an acellular (anosteocytic) bony skeleton and a focally calcified cartilaginous endoskeleton, respectively. These skeletal forms are not considered to function as mineral reservoirs. Previous studies showed that implanted bone particles are resorbed in rats by large multinucleated cells with ultrast...

Fetal bone development is a complex process that is regulated and maintained by minerals, hormones, and growth factors delivered from the mother via the placenta. Various biochemical markers of fetal bone development have been identified. However, many aspects of this process remain unclear. The aim of the study was to measure the activities of serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5b ...

J Stem Cell Res Ther 2017, 2(6): 00081 Abstract Present review article emphasize role of biominerals in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Among all biominerals calcium is essential for body growth and development. It also performs many fundamental functions in cellular metabolism. Inside cell organic matrix is calcified by calcium phosphate minerals. It also embeds bone cells which ...

1 ABSTRACT: Osteoporosis is a gradual reduction in bone mass that leads to an increased susceptibility to bone fractures. An estimated 1.5 million fractures are attributed to osteoporosis each year in the United States. With the rapid aging of the population, the suffering and healthcare costs associated with osteoporosis are steadily increasing. Experts agree that prevention is the most effect...