Bone microstructure reflects physiological characteristics and has been shown to contain phylogenetic and ecological signals. Although mammalian long bone histology is receiving increasing attention, systematic examination of the main clades has not yet been performed. Here we describe the long bone microstructure of Xenarthra based on thin sections representing twenty-two species. Additionally...

Background: The distinctive morphology of human skeleton and its clear sexual dimorphism make it interests from anatomical, forensic, obstetrical, radiological anthropological point view. hip bone is considered as an ideal for sex determination provides the highest accuracy levels. Many workers have studied various metric parameters sexing bone.
 Methods: present study was done with aim to...

Bone is a natural composite of collagen protein and the mineral hydroxyapatite. The structure of bone is known to be important to its load-bearing characteristics, but relatively little is known about this structure or the mechanism that govern deformation at the molecular scale. Here we perform full-atomistic calculations of the three-dimensional molecular structure of a mineralized collagen p...

Geometrically accurate and anatomically correct threedimensional geometric models of human bones or bone sections are essential for successful pre-operative planning in orthopedic surgery. For such purposes, 3D polygonal models of bones are usually created based on Computer Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. In cases where there is no CT or MRI scan, or part of bone is mi...

We present JointViewer, a software tool to aid orthopedics researchers in exploring complex, in-vivo joint kinematics. Given bone-geometry data and bone-motion information, JointViewer models and visualizes bone inter-spacing in the joint. Next, it proposes and displays plausible ligament paths which connect bones together. Both types of models are constructed through a distancefield approach. ...

In the megavoltage energy range although the mass attenuation coefficients of different bones do not vary by more than 10%, it has been estimated that a simple tissue model containing a single-bone composition could cause errors of up to 10% in the calculated dose distribution. In the kilovoltage energy range, the variation in mass attenuation coefficients of the bones is several times greater,...

Forty lumberjacks who had used a chain saw for 0-20 years and who had no general disease affecting the bones were studied by measuring the thenar muscle blood flow of both hands by the 133-Xe local clearance method. Bone mineral in the left forearm in the region of cancellous and cortical bone was assessed by the 241-Am gamma ray attenuation method. Virbration was found to decrease the blood fl...

Objective(s):To study the effect of low-frequency vibration on bone marrow stromal cell differentiation and potential bone repair in vivo. Materials and Methods:Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups with eight rabbits in each group. For each group, bone defects were generated in the left humerus of four rabbits, and in the right humerus of the other four rabbits. To t...

Introduction: A previous study attempted to prefabricate a vascularized allograft bone in a recipient rat. In this model, the saphenous vascular bundles of recipient rats were transected and implanted into the transplanted donor bones. Although blood circulation had been established in the transplanted vascularized bones and bleeding from the bones was observed at the time of bone collection, o...