objectives: to investigate the differences in death after receiving emergency services in traffic accidents between urban and rural regions, and decompose factors of the gap in langerood, northern iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted in langrood, northern iran during a 1-year period from 2013 to 2014. the hospital data of traffic crashes were used. data contained those patien...

Why are some countries characterized by more income redistribution than others? Based mainly on Trans-Atlantic comparisons, the literature has referred to dissimilarities in preferences for redistribution. In this article, we extend focusing multiple dimensions of redistributive and adding Japan comparison. More precisely, using data France, US, from ISSP 2009, apply cross-sectional regression ...

Decompositions make it possible to investigate whether gaps between groups in certain outcomes would remain if had comparable characteristics. In practice, however, such a counterfactual comparability is difficult establish the presence of lacking common support, functional-form misspecification, and insufficient sample size. this article, authors show how decompositions can be undermined by th...

Traditional analysis of gender wage gaps has largely focused on average gaps between men and women, and mean wage decompositions such as the Blinder-Oaxaca (1973) decomposition method. To answer the question of whether there is a " glass ceiling " or a " sticky floor " , i.e. whether wage gaps are higher at the upper or lower ends of the wage distribution, this paper examines the wage gaps acro...

A puzzle has emerged from studies examining the wage effects of sexual orientation for women. Although lesbian and bisexual women face discrimination in the labor market, most studies of the wages of female full-time workers in same-sex couples versus those in different-sex couples find that the lesbians earn more, even controlling for differences in present labor market supply, education, year...

background: infant mortality rate is a useful indicator of health conditions in the society, the racial and socioeconomic inequality of which is from the most important measures of social inequality. objectives: the aim of this study was to determine the socioeconomic inequality and its determinants regarding infant mortality in an iranian population. patients and methods: this cross-sectional ...