A field study was conducted to determine the preferred biting site of Anopheles koliensis on the lower limbs of humans. This species showed a preference for biting the feet and ankles, rather than the legs, and when denied access to the feet and ankles, this species showed a preference for legs without hair, rather than legs with hair.

What are the mechanisms of multifunctionality, i.e. the use of the same peripheral structures for multiple behaviors? We studied this question using the multifunctional feeding apparatus of the marine mollusk Aplysia californica, in which the same muscles mediate biting (an attempt to grasp food) and swallowing (ingestion of food). Biting and swallowing responses were compared using magnetic re...

The L type calcium channel agonist (+/-)Bay K 8644 has been reported to cause characteristic motor abnormalities in adult mice. The current study shows that administration of this drug can also cause the unusual phenomenon of self-injurious biting, particularly when given to young mice. Self-biting is provoked by injecting small quantities of (+/-)Bay K 8644 directly into the lateral ventricle ...

Some behaviors occur in obligatory sequence, such as reaching before grasping an object. Can the earlier behavior serve to prepare the musculature for the later behavior? If it does, what is the underlying neural mechanism of the preparation? To address this question, we examined two feeding behaviors in the marine mollusk Aplysia californica, one of which must precede the second: biting and sw...

OBJECTIVES: To find the association of extraversion personality traits with oral parafunctional habits. METHODOLOGY: A Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 200 individuals in College Dentistry, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, over 5 months from July to November 2021. Data collected using a pre-validated medical questionnaire ten-item inventory scale (TIPI). The sampling...

Biting midges are globally distributed pests causing significant economic losses and transmitting arbovirus diseases to both animals and humans. Current biological and chemical control strategies for biting midge target destruction of adult forms, but strategies directed at immature stages of the insect have yet to be explored in Australia. In the present study, coastal waters of Hervey Bay reg...

Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) is distributed widely and is common in much of Japan. In Japan, female adults begin to bite in between April and June, except in the southern subtropics where the mosquito has no dormant period. It is difficult to estimate the first Ae. albopictus biting day because it varies annually depending on the location. Over several years, we surveyed the mo...

Anopheles farauti is the primary malaria vector throughout the coastal regions of the Southwest Pacific. A shift in peak biting time from late to early in the night occurred following widespread indoor residue spraying of dichlorodiphenyltrichloro-ethane (DDT) and has persisted in some island populations despite the intervention ending decades ago. We used mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (CO...

swarming is a common mating behavior present throughout Diptera and, in particular, in species of lower flies (nematocerous Diptera). mating aggregations have been observed in the wild and in laboratory colonies of mosquitoes (culicidae) and phantom midges (chaoboridae), but have been assumed to be absent in their sister taxon, the frog-biting midges (corethrellidae). corethrellidae is a monoge...

We thank Dr. Akor and colleagues for their interest in our work. The main purpose of the systematic review we conducted was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of tongue biting in the differential diagnosis between epileptic seizures and syncope. Such an approach proved useful in providing evidence-based information on the diagnostic role of other clinical findings (tongue biting, urinary incont...