Cell suspension cultures of Ailanthus altissima (Simaroubaceae) were cultivated under illumination and in the dark. Under influence of a yeast elicitor and cell wall preparations of various Phytophthora species, respectively, alkaloid formation was stimulated. Canthin-6-one and 1methoxycanthin-6-one accumulation could be increased up to a 125-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively within 96 h by elici...

As sessile organisms, plants have evolved different methods to defend against attacks and have adapted their defense measures to discriminate between mechanical damage and herbivory by insects. One of the ways that plant defenses are triggered is via elicitors from insect oral secretions (OS). In this study, we investigated the ability of second-instar (L2) spruce budworm [SBW; Choristoneura fu...

Previous research has shown a relationship between the emotion of disgust and the fear of contamination. Heightened sensitivity to disgust and increased concerns over contamination has been observed in various disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and specific phobias. However, there is a paucity of research identifying the specific domains of disgust that contribute to contami...

Stomata, natural pores bordered by guard cells, regulate transpiration and gas exchanges between plant leaves and the atmosphere. These natural openings also constitute a way of penetration for microorganisms. In plants, the perception of potentially pathogenic microorganisms or elicitors of defense reactions induces a cascade of events, including H(2)O(2) production, that allows the activation...

Priming is an induced defence mechanism in which plants that have been exposed to elicitors, such as herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), go into alert state with faster and stronger responses against a future biotic challenge. This study evaluated whether HIPVs emitted by maize genotypes after herbivory fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) larvae could prime neighbouring for enhanced in...

We investigated on important parameters of induced resistance in hydroponic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) against Ralstonia solanacearum using the elicitors chitosan (CHT), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA). The increase in total phenolic content of roots by the elicitors was significantly higher than control. Most pronounced increase in lignin synthesis was triggered by SA followed b...

We investigated the literature to find bioactive compounds’ profile of Brassicaceae microgreens and influence different production systems elicitors use in its overall quality. For this, a summary latest progress compounds qualification quantification are presented relevant databases. Determining exact role is not straightforward process, although it seems have greater according intended plant....

SUMMARY Recognition of potential pathogens is central to plants' ability to defend themselves against harmful microbes. Plants are able to recognize pathogen-derived molecules; elicitors that trigger a number of induced defences in plants. Microbial elicitors constitute a bewildering array of compounds including different oligosaccharides, lipids, peptides and proteins. Identifying the receptor...

The first line of inducible plant defence, pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), is activated by the recognition of exogenous as well as endogenous elicitors. Exogenous elicitors, also called microbe-associated molecular patterns, signal the presence of microbes. In contrast, endogenous elicitors seem to be generated and recognized under more diverse circumstances, making the evaluation of their bi...

Elicitor preparations containing the avr5 gene products from races 4 and 2.3 of Cladosporium fulvum, and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cells containing the resistance gene Cf5 were used to investigate the involvement of redox processes in the production of active oxygen species associated with the plant response to the fungal elicitors. Here we demonstrate that certain race-specific elici...