Endocrine biorhythms are classified according to the period time, as one of the most characteristic properties of biorhythms. Each endocrine organ has parallel more than one biorhythms with different period time (e. g. circadian and circannual rhythms). The time of acrophase of the biorhythms at the different endocrine organs is fairly variant. This review summarizes the rhythmic function of th...

The way in which religious texts and sources depict the processes involved in the regulation of life is an interesting and rich topic. For example, the Holy Bible, the religious basis of Western civilization, is a document that includes references to medical, as well as historic cultural practices. Sun has already demonstrated that the Bible contains rich medical materials on different subjects...

Biomarker measurements now support key decisions throughout the drug development process, from lead optimization to regulatory approvals. They are essential for documenting exposure-response relationships, specificity and potency toward the molecular target, untoward effects, and therapeutic applications. In a broader sense, biomarkers constitute the basis of clinical pathology and laboratory m...

The regulation of energy balance is complex and, in man, imprecise. Nevertheless, in many individuals intake and expenditure are balanced with <1% error with little or no conscious effect. Essential components of such a regulatory system are signals, leptin and insulin, that reflect the size of lipid stores. Leptin receptors signal via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (as do insulin receptors) and...

NABAVI, SEYEDBEHZAD. Kinetic Parameter Estimation in Oscillatory Biochemical Systems. (Under the direction of Cranos M. Williams.) Oscillatory pathways are among the most important classes of biochemical systems with examples such as circadian rhythms and cell cycles. Mathematical modeling of these highly interconnected biochemical networks is needed to meet numerous objectives such as investig...

Colonic targeting has gained increasing interest over the past years. A considerable number of patents and publications dealing with the colon specific drug delivery system indicate a growing focus of research activities in this field, not just for the delivery of the drugs for the treatment of the local pathologies associated with the colon but also for its potential for the systemic delivery ...

The biological cycles of milk production and reproduction determine dairying profitability thus making management decisions dynamic and time-dependent. Diseases also negatively impact on net earnings of a dairy enterprise. Transition cows in particular face the challenge of negative energy balance (NEB) and/or disproportional energy metabolism (fatty liver, ketosis, subacute, acute ruminal acid...

The alluring fragrances of flowers are the primary inspiration for new perfumes. In the quest to develop novel synthetic aroma chemicals, perfumers have increasingly relied upon the assistance of analytical chemists to help them identify major chemicals responsible for floral fragrances. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC/MS) has been the method of choice for identifying fr...