This article refers to viewing the role of molecular markers during analyzing genome plants and their importance in plant biotechnology. In recent years, we observed techniques programs for improving breeding preserving genetic resources has been observed, biochemical indicators which represent basic material through determining diversity between genotypes it is never affected by external surro...

First, the taxonomy has been widely used. Therefore, it should have scrutiny. Second, the taxonomy has not widely available in its original form [Panko & Halverson, 1996]. Consequently, most users refer to secondary sources. Consequently, they often equate the taxonomy with the simplified extracts used in particular experiments or field studies. Third, perhaps as a consequence, most users use o...

Hierarchical models have been shown to be effective in content classification. However, the performance of the model heavily depends on the given hierarchical taxonomy. We empirically show that different taxonomies can result in significant differences in hierarchical classification performance. Motivated by some real application problems, we aim to modify a content taxonomy automatically for d...

-In order to truly understand software and the software development process, software measurement must be better understood. A beginning step toward a better understanding of software measurement is the categorization of the measurements by some meaningful taxonomy. The most meaningful taxonomy would capture the basic nature of the object-oriented (O-O) space. The interesting characteristics of...

We describe the problem of aggregating the label predictions of diverse classifiers using a class taxonomy. Such a taxonomy may not have been available or referenced when the individual classifiers were designed and trained, yet mapping the output labels into the taxonomy is desirable to integrate the effort spent in training the constituent classifiers. A hierarchical taxonomy representing som...

Taxonomy construction is a resource-demanding, top down, and time consuming effort. It does not always cater for the prevailing context of the captured information. This paper proposes a novel approach to automatically convert tags into a hierarchical taxonomy. Folksonomy describes the process by which many users add metadata in the form of keywords or tags to shared content. Using folksonomy a...

The problem of mapping (deened as matching and scheduling) tasks and communications onto multiple machines and networks in a heterogeneous computing (HC) environment has been shown to be NP-complete, in general, requiring the development of heuristic techniques. Many diierent types of mapping heuristics have been developed in recent years. However, selecting the best heuristic to use in any giv...

Constructive Alignment devised by John Biggs is a widespread didactic approach and one of the most in uential ideas in higher education. The basic assumption is that a course is designed in a way that learning activities and assessment tasks are aligned with intended learning objectives. Additionally Bloom developed a taxonomy which classi es learning objectives. This taxonomy was revised later...

Research into games in education most frequently expresses itself in the form of noting that games interest and motivate, and that we might therefore find the learning process improved if we were to use games as a vehicle for the delivery of learning content. We do not wish to take this approach, but to analyse what it is that makes games interesting and motivating and apply this in the context...