It is estimated that 25% of the world’s population has non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This disease can advance to a more severe form, steatohepatitis (NASH), with greater probability progression cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NASH could be characterized as necro-inflammatory complication chronic hepatic steatosis. The combination factors lead its HCC in setting inflammation n...

Liver samples of buffaloes infected with Fasciole gigantica were collected from the main abattoir of Hyderabad City. Histological studies of infected livers revealed severe damage resulting in disrupted hepatic cords, inflammation, atrophy and necrosis. Bile duct hyperplasia was prominent with proliferation of epithelial cells.

Autoimmune cholangitis (AIC) or autoimmune cholangiopathy is a chronic inflammation of liver and a variant syndrome of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We present a case of an adult female who had biochemical features of cholestasis and transaminasemia but aminotransferases were not in the hepatitis range and had histological evidence of bile duct injury which was subsequently diagnosed as autoimmun...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, affecting approximately 20%-30% of the population in Western countries. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the progressive form of NAFLD that can develop into cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanism of progression of steatosis to NASH and cirrhosis is poorly understood....

Cholangiocarcinomas are rare malignant tumors whose incidence is increasing worldwide. Risk factors for this malignancy include both infectious and non-infectious diseases characterized by chronic inflammation of the bile duct epithelia. Diagnosis of these cancers remains difficult because of the lack of sensitive diagnostic tests. The prognosis is poor probably because of the lack of effective...

Early weaning is a stressful event characterized by a transient period of intestinal atrophy that may be mediated by reduced secretion of glucagon-like peptide (GLP) 2. We tested whether enterally fed bile acids or plant sterols could increase nutrient-dependent GLP-2 secretion and improve intestinal adaptation in weanling pigs. During the first 6 d after weaning, piglets were intragastrically ...

KEY POINTS Acute biliary pancreatitis is a sudden and severe condition initiated by bile reflux into the pancreas. Bile acids are known to induce Ca2+ signals and necrosis in isolated pancreatic acinar cells but the effects of bile acids on stellate cells are unexplored. Here we show that cholate and taurocholate elicit more dramatic Ca2+ signals and necrosis in stellate cells compared to the a...

UNLABELLED Background and rationale for the study. The aim of the study was to determine the prognostic value of histopathological findings with special care to the severity of liver fibrosis at the moment of hepatoportoenterostomy (HPE) in children with biliary atresia (BA). We performed analysis of 142 wedge liver biopsies taken at the time of HPE. All patients were operated by the same surgi...

Alcohol abuse with/without cirrhosis is associated with an impaired gut barrier and inflammation. Gut microbiota can transform primary bile acids (BA) to secondary BAs, which can adversely impact the gut barrier. The purpose of this study was to define the effect of active alcohol intake on fecal BA levels and ileal and colonic inflammation in cirrhosis. Five age-matched groups {two noncirrhoti...