Receptors for C3 bind ligand and generate intracellular signals that lead to the engulfment of C3-coated particles. Recent experiments suggest that both the binding and the subsequent signal transduction activities of C3 receptors can be regulated. Cultured human monocytes (MO) 1 express receptors for C3b (CR1) and C3bi (CR3) that bind ligand-coated particles but do not signal the cell to initi...

The fundamental objective of this research has been to apply a novel isotopic technique to delineate the biogeochemical pathways that methanogenic archaea utilize during the final step of coal biodegradation when converting simple energy sources (primarily thought to be H 2 and acetate; Figure 1) into methane and CO 2. This long-standing problem in subsurface biogeochemistry has relevance to bo...

Introduction: Perchlorate (ClO4), a highly oxidizing compound, was identified on the martian surface by the Phoenix Lander at concentration levels up to 1.0% [1,2]. There is some debate as to whether an environment with perchlorate salts is too harsh for any organism to survive. Methanogens are able to survive in a numerous unwelcoming environments. Due to their ability to survive in extreme co...

The urinary excretion test for vitamin B12 absorption devised by Schilling, Clatanoff, and Korst (1955) and Callender and Evans, in the same year, is probably the most commonly used method in the assessment of this function of the gut, and particularly in the diagnosis of pernicious anaemia. The reproducibility of the results obtained in this manner and the convenience of the procedure compared...

Fiona M. Richardson ([email protected]) Neil Forrester ([email protected]) Frank D. Baughman ([email protected]) Michael S.C. Thomas ([email protected]) Developmental Neurocognition Laboratory, School of Psychology, Birkbeck College, University of London, WC1E 7HX UK Abstract The investigation of variability in reasoning tasks can provide valuable insights into key issue...

The effect of Nypa fruticans’ wurmb extract and the mixture of various concentration of KI and Nypa fruticans’ wurmb extract on corrosion of mild steel in 0.1M and 0.5M HCl have been investigated using weight loss methods. The study revealed that mild steel is more efficiently inhibited by Nypa fruticans’ wurmb in the presence of KI than pure extract of Nypa fruticans’ wurmb. The inhibition eff...

Rapid detection of chemical contamination in the distribution system is essential in protecting public health, and using water quality surrogates to signal a contamination event offers the advantage of detecting a large number of chemicals. The concern over using surrogate parameters is whether they offer the ability to detect contaminants at concentrations low enough to prevent serious illness...

In conventional wastewater treatment, biological nutrient removal (BNR) depends on bacterial assimilation for phosphorus removal and nitrification+denitrification for nitrogen removal, with the resulting loss of the fixed nitrogen resource. Alternatively, treatment by microalgae allows for assimilative removal of both phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) thereby avoiding the oxygen demand of nitrifi...

Parameters used to assess the survival of larvae after cryopreservation generally misestimate the damages that prevent larval development. The objectives of the present study were to 1) define the reliability of the survival rate, assessed at 2 and 7 days post fertilization, to estimate Pacific oyster larval quality after thawing, and 2) select complementary tools allowing an early and reliable...

Inhibition of fermentation or of glucose uptake in the presence ofoxygen has been observed in many forms of life and is generally referred to as the 'Pasteur effect'. In most tissues, oxidative inhibition of fermentation (ethanol or lactate production) is reflected by a parallel decrease in glucose consumption. Since certain tissues utilize lactate significantly, estimation of the Pasteur effec...