Natural bactericidal resistance to Mycobacterium bovis BCG is under the control of a single gene, designated Bcg. Lung granuloma formation in susceptible (Bcgs) and resistant (Bcgr) mice was studied in two sets of Bcg-congenic systems, namely, the BALB/c (Bcgs)-C.D2 (BALB/c.Bcgr) pair and the B10.A (Bcgs)-B10.Ar (Bcgr) pair, by using BCG as well as foreign body granuloma-inducing agents (dextra...

the protease enzyme breaks down protein into amino acids as its constructors. protease immobilization onto appropriate support materials plays an essential role in various fields of technology including the food and detergent industries. accordingly, improvement of protease immobilization has been highly regarded due to its applications in bio catalysis. alginate and chitosan are natural polysa...

In an effort to define the roles of bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) during chick limb development more closely, we have implanted beads impregnated with these growth factors into chick limb buds between stages 20 and 26. Embryos were sacrificed at the time the bone chondrocyte condensations first appear (stages 27-28). Implantation of beads containing BMPs ...

OBJECTIVE To compare direct and indirect bead-based T-cell isolation followed by magnetic bead-based DNA isolation. METHODS T-cells were isolated by direct or indirect selection with magnetic bead coated antbiodies followed by magnetic bead-based automated DNA isolation in 10 healthy subjects. Purity of T-cells, purity of DNA (by A260/A280 ratio measurement) and DNA concentration were assesse...

Recent studies have pointed out the importance of the basal friction on the dynamics of granular flows. We present experimental results on the influence of the roughness of the inclined plane on the dynamics of a monodisperse dry granular flow. We found experimentally that there exists a maximum of the friction for a given relative roughness. This maximum is shown to be independent of the slope...

As a tool for micrometer-level size determination, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), performed based on our previous report, was compared to flow cytometry (FCM). For this purpose, standard fluorescent beads were subjected to both methods. And hence, it was found that our FCS is a useful method with satisfactory precision for size determinations of individual particles at micrometer ...

Digestive vacuole (DV) formation in Paramecium can be separated into four steps: sequestration and recycling of the spent DV membrane, sweeping and concentrating of particles into the nascent DV, vacuole growth, and the release of the nascent DV. How the size, load and surface charge of solid particles affected formation and subsequently the digestive processes in log-phase cells were investiga...

background chitosan is a naturally occurring biopolymer which has been widely used in a variety of biomedical applications including local antibiotic delivery due to its excellent mechanical properties, biodegradability and biocompatibility. beads are spherical, porous carriers which are prepared from various materials including chitosan. objectives the current study aimed to fabricate a new co...

Photoacoustic (PA) tissue characterization relies on the analysis of ultrasound (US) signals generated through the PA effect. The probability distributions of PA signal amplitude as well as the frequency content of the PA signals are typically not considered. We present a phantom study where we introduce the combined use of US/PA signal envelope statistics along with analysis of the frequency c...