Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic damage induced by various factors. Bilobalide (BB) is a compound extracted from Ginkgo biloba leaf. It has been reported for its anti-oxidative activity and has been tested to treat brain damage. However, it has not been studied whether BB possesses hepatoprotective activity though regulating heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) which is a key an...

Nerve fibers containing bombesin (BB)/gastrin-releasing polypeptide (GRP), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), or galanin are known to innervate the mucosa of the upper small intestine. Both BB/GRP and PACAP have been shown to elicit secretin secretion in vivo. We studied whether the above-mentioned neuropeptides can act directly ...

BACKGROUND Blueberries may lower relative risk for cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. Previous work indicated an inhibitory effect of consumed blueberry (BB) on formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in colons of male Fisher F344 rats (inbred strain). However, effects of BB on colon tumors and in both genders are unknown. METHODS We examined efficacy of BB in inhibition of azoxymethane (A...

Introduction: Erythrocytes are highly specialized and the most abundant cell type in vertebrates’ blood. Their main function is the transportation of oxygen to tissues of the body via hemoglobin. Methods: The study was aimed at evaluating erythrocyte morphology in Clarias gariepinus (Cg), Bufo bufo (Bb), and Agama agama (Aa) using different stains; Also, morphometric analysis of erythrocyte w...

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGFBB) modulate vascular wall cell function in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. The aim of the current study was to determine how bovine aorta endothelial cells (BAECs) respond to the simultaneous exposure to PDGF-BB and bFGF. It was found that bFGF-dependent BAEC migration, proliferation, and differentiation into tube...

Experiments were conducted to compare the ability of a medium supplemented with organic acids to the ability of commercially available, non-selective media to support growth of Campylobacter spp. and Arcobacter butzleri. Liquid medium was composed of yeast extract-peptone basal broth (BB) that could be supplemented with an organic acid (OA) mixture of fumaric, lactic, malic, and succinic acids ...

DOK1 regulates platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated glioma cell motility. Mechanisms regulating tumour cell motility are essential for invasion and metastasis. We report here that PDGF-BB-mediated glioma cell invasion and migration are dependent on the adaptor protein downstream of kinase 1 (DOK1). DOK1 is expressed in several glioma cell lines and in tumour biopsies from high-gr...

The molecular basis of how Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), the Lyme disease spirochete, maintains itself in nature via a complex life cycle in ticks and mammals is poorly understood. Outer surface (lipo)protein A (OspA) of Bb has been the most intensively studied of all borrelial molecular constituents, and hence, much has been speculated about the potential role(s) of OspA in the life cycle of Bb. ...

We unify the quantum Zeno effect (QZE) and the “bang-bang” (BB) decoupling method for suppressing decoherence in open quantum systems: in both cases strong coupling to an external system or apparatus induces a dynamical superselection rule that partitions the open system’s Hilbert space into quantum Zeno subspaces. Our unification makes use of von Neumann’ s ergodic theorem and avoids making an...

BACKGROUND The prognostic impact of β-blockers (BB) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients without heart failure (HF) or left ventricular dysfunction is controversial, especially in the postreperfusion era. We sought to determine whether a BB therapy before admission for ACS has a favorable in-hospital outcome in patients without HF, and whether they also reduce 12-month mortality if still p...