Ink analysis is central to questioned document examination. We applied direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART MS) to ballpoint, gel, and fluid writing ink analysis. DART MS acquires the mass spectrum of an ink while it is still on a document without altering the appearance of the document. Spectra were acquired from ink on a variety of papers, and the spectrum of the blank paper c...

An ink dating method based on solvent analysis was recently developed using thermal desorption followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and is currently implemented in several forensic laboratories. The main aims of this work were to implement this method in a new laboratory to evaluate whether results were comparable at three levels: (i) validation criteria, (ii) aging curves, ...

The number of colorants used in printers is growing to improve quality of the prints in terms of gamut size, grain and metamerism. In this paper we demonstrate a modification to the existing models (Cellular Neugebauer Model, with Yule Nielson Correction) to simulate spectral reflectance of an N-ink printer. This is achieved by imposing a constraint for the media ink limit, the modified model i...

This article presents a novel method for accelerated wear of squeegees used in screen printing and describes the development of mechanical tests which allow more in-depth measurement of squeegee properties. In this study, squeegees were abraded on the screen press so that they could be used for subsequent print tests to evaluate the effect of wear on the printed product. Squeegee wear was found...

PURPOSE The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is an attractive target in HER2-positive breast cancer that is refractory to anti-HER2 therapy. The hypothesis is that the suppression of this pathway results in sensitization to anti-HER2 agents. However, this combinatorial strategy has not been comprehensively tested in models of trastuzumab and lapatinib resistance. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We analyzed in vitro...

The inkstone is a specific writing implement in China that was popularized since the Han Dynasty (202 BC–AD 220). A rectangular/round grinding plate accompanied with a grinding stone is considered as a kind of proto-inkstone. However, little scientific investigation has been performed to support this hypothesis. In this paper, a micro-destructive approach, including Fourier transform infrared s...

MEMS technology has revoluntionized microfabrication, and the sensors and actuators industries. What is the state of the art of MEMS applications that use ceramic materials? what are major trends of development for the MEMS field in the future? this talk will present a broad and timely overview for conference attendees that address these twoquestions. The integrated circuit (IC) technology is t...

We propose an extension of the cellular Yule-Nielsen spectral Neugebauer model accounting for ink spreading of each ink within each subdomain. Characterization of the ink spreading within a given subdomain is performed by tting the mid-range weights of subdomain node re ectances with the goal of minimizing the sum of square di erences between predicted and measured mid-range re ectances. We sho...

BACKGROUND Conventional approaches of making a flexible circuit are generally complex, environment unfriendly, time and energy consuming, and thus expensive. Here, we describe for the first time the method of using high-performance GaIn(10)-based electrical ink, a significantly neglected room temperature liquid metal, as both electrical conductors and interconnects, for directly writing flexibl...