Studies of the origin of magmas in subduction zones, particularly in the Japanese island arc, have been significantly advanced by petrological, geochemical, geophysical and experimental studies during last 50 years. Kuno's original model(1)) for magma generation in the Japanese island arc, that tholeiite magmas are formed at relatively shallow levels in the mantle on the Pacific Ocean side wher...

Lunar highland meteorites contain small proportions of mare basalt fragments, which are important for defining lunar basalts in areas not visited by Apollo/Luna. We analyzed seven mare basalt fragments from three highland meteorites, and retrieved the Ti contents of their parent magmas from core pyroxene compositions. The analyzed clasts span the range of VLT and low-Ti, basalts in Apollo & Lun...

High spatial resolution Clementine images are examined to measure the reflectance properties of small and optically immature mare craters that have sampled discrete compositional units. The spectral properties of these relatively crystalline mare materials are compared to associated mature soils to determine the effects of space weathering on specific basalt types. Space weathering is observed ...

Introduction: Many questions regarding the petrogenesis of mare basalts remain unresolved. Trace element and isotope geochemists tend to view the range of mare basalt compositional groups as independent primary magmas and develop mantle melting models to explain the compositional diversity [e.g. 1, 2, 3]. On the other hand, petrologists view the mare basalt suites as non-primary and suggest tha...

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) including nickel and chromium are often present in soils overlying basalt at concentrations above regulatory guidance values due to the presence of these elements in underlying geology. Oral bioaccessibility testing allows the risk posed by PTEs to human health to be assessed; however, bioaccessibility is controlled by factors including mineralogy, particle siz...

Introduction: Only 5 meteorites were classified into unbrecciated lunar mare basalt so far, although there are about 40 lunar meteorites known to date. NWA 032 and its paired meteorite NWA 479 (NWA) are such crystalline mare basalts, and show a porphy-ritic texture composed of euhedral olivine and pyrox-ene grains with dendritic mesostasis of pyroxene, pla-gioclase and accessory minerals (ilmen...

This paper deals with metal matrix composites (MMCs) of Al 7075 alloy containing different weight percentage (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10) basalt short fiber reinforcement and unreinforced matrix alloy. The samples were produced by the permanent stir casting technique. The casting ingots were cut into blanks to be forged in single stage and double stage, using MN press and graphite-based lubricant. The...