Seasonal changes in soil respiration (SR), soil temperature (ST) and soil moisture (SM) were compared between a barren land with no vegetation (control) and grassland dominated by Heteropogon contortus (L.) of a semi-arid eco-system during 2005-2006. A statistically significant (p<0.001) seasonal change in SR was observed between the two sites. The variation characteristics of soil CO2 effiux r...

Understanding the evolutionary history of contemporary animal groups is essential for conservation and management of endangered species like caribou (Rangifer tarandus). In central Canada, the ranges of two caribou subspecies (barren-ground/woodland caribou) and two woodland caribou ecotypes (boreal/eastern migratory) overlap. Our objectives were to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the e...

In this article we study injective representations of infinite quivers. We classify the indecomposable injective representations of trees and then describe Gorenstein injective and projective representations of barren trees.

Repeat-induced point mutation (RIP) in Neurospora results in inactivation of duplicated DNA sequences. RIP is thought to provide protection against foreign elements such as retrotransposons, only one of which has been found in N. crassa. To examine the role of RIP in nature, we have examined seven N. crassa strains, identified among 446 wild isolates scored for dominant suppression of RIP. The ...

Can linguistic semantics affect neural processing in feature-specific visual regions? Specifically, when we hear a sentence describing a situation that includes motion, do we engage neural processes that are part of the visual perception of motion? How about if a motion verb was used figuratively, not literally? We used fMRI to investigate whether semantic content can "penetrate" and modulate n...

Although environmental enrichment is known to improve laboratory rodent wellbeing and enhance scientific data collection, relatively little is known with regards to the type of enrichment that might be useful for zebrafish (Danio rerio). Therefore, this study explored if zebrafish displayed preferences for a range of enrichments, including substrates, artificial plants, combinations thereof and...

In plants, small groups of pluripotent stem cells called axillary meristems are required for the formation of the branches and flowers that eventually establish shoot architecture and drive reproductive success. To ensure the proper formation of new axillary meristems, the specification of boundary regions is required for coordinating their development. We have identified two maize genes, BARRE...

We analyze the barren plateau phenomenon in variational optimization of quantum circuits inspired by matrix product states (qMPS), tree tensor networks (qTTN), and multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (qMERA). consider as cost function expectation value a Hamiltonian that is sum local terms. For randomly chosen parameters we show variance gradient decreases exponentially with distance...

Land cover characterization at a regional scale using spaceborne multi-angle remote sensing data is in its infancy. A data mining technique was employed to evaluate the degree to which the accuracy of land cover classification can be increased using multi-spectral, multi-temporal and multi-angle remote sensing data. The study area is around the Jornada Rangeland in New Mexico, USA with shrublan...

The general intent of these studies is to assess whether or not a slope is considered to be stable and, if not, to provide a “safe” set-back distance from the slope crest behind which structures and other facilities can be constructed. Unstable slopes and the land located between the unstable slope and the set-back line are called “Hazard Lands.” In a broad sense, Hazard Lands are those at risk...