Given current concerns on foreign currency exposures in emerging economies, we examine the currency denomination of bank loans. We compare the currency requested by borrowers and the currency decision subsequently made by a bank in Bulgaria prior to the current crisis. We analyze more than hundred thousand loans to sixty thousand different firms granted during the period 2003-2007. We relate th...

This paper examines if the market rationally prices the loan loss provisions, and the fair value gains and losses of US banks. We also model the discretionary components of loan loss provisions and fair value gains and losses, and test if the discretionary components are priced differently from their non-discretionary counterparts. We find little evidence that the market misprices operating cas...

This paper estimates the relationship between banking market concentration and high-risk portfolio strategies at commercial banks. I use the unprecedented changes in the degree of competition in local banking markets that occurred after 1980 to estimate the impact of market competition on the risk profile of commercial bank lending. I find evidence that increasing concentration has been associa...

Having a home is essential for everyone, and the government created program called Housing Loan (KPR) to help low-income people own house. The Sharia State Savings Bank (BTN) one of banks that offer this program. This study aims understand how KPR works at BTN KCPS Pekalongan it aligns with Islamic law. type research field research, which outlines describes phenomena regarding situation. In cas...

After making a loan, a bank finds out if the loan needs contract enforcement (“monitoring”); it also decides whether to lay off credit risk in order to release costly capital. A bank can lay off credit risk by either selling the loan or by buying insurance through a credit default swap (CDS). With a CDS, the originating bank retains the loan’s control rights but no longer has an incentive to mo...

Over the last two decades, bank credit has evolved from the traditional relationship banking model to an originate-to-distribute model where banks can originate loans, earn their fee, and then sell them off to investors who desire such exposures. We show that the borrowers whose loans are sold in the secondary market underperform other bank borrowers by between 8% and 14% per year on a risk-adj...

This paper examines firms’ corporate bond price reactions to bank loan covenant violations. Using an event study approach, we find that response is marginally negative in the 1990s and becomes significantly positive 2000s. The suggest bondholders benefit from violations more recent years. Specifically, enable banks step take necessary actions protect creditors’ interests, which not only private...

Using a large sample of loans initiated by firms targeted by hedge fund activists during 19942008, we show that hedge fund activism has significant impacts on firms’ bank loan contracts. After the targeting announcement and relative to firms that are not targeted, the targeted firms pay significantly higher spreads, are more likely to be required to secure their loans, face more covenant restri...