Since World War II, U.S. military combat helmets have provided various degrees of protection against ballistic threats, including fragments and bullets. Only recently, however, have combat helmets been specified to provide blunt impact protection. This study assesses the current generation of combat helmets and four commercial off the shelf (COTS) pad suspension systems (denoted A, B, C, and D)...

The response of multi-layered ceramic/steel targets to high velocity impact and penetration has been investigated through experiments and finite element simulations. Damage quantification and the material stresses and velocity histories provided by experiments are used as constraints to be satisfied by numerical simulations of the ballistic penetration event. Experimental and numerical observat...

in this paper a new guidance technique for ballistic missiles and launch vehicles is proposed. generally the lambert guidance is used to generate missile nominal (correlated) parameters through powered flight to put it in a ballistic flight path. because of uncertainties and undesired factors, the nominal position and velocity obtained by lambert technique need to be followed in actual flight. ...

In this paper, we investigate two topics related to mitigating the effect of radar bias in ballistic missile tracking applications. We determine the absolute bias between two radars in polar coordinates when their relative bias is given in rectangular coordinates. Using this result, we then obtain the optimized steady-state filter to handle the random bias.

ted to allow efficient ballistic missiles , the paper describes a recently developed ted estimation/guidance design paradigm n several innovative concepts that provides satisfactory homing performance against ly maneuvering targets. The new paradigm veloped and tested first by using a simplified constant speed interception scenario model. paper the integrated estimation/guidance m is validated ...

This study aims to investigate the penetration of a projectile into a surrogate human tissue numerically, using Finite Element (FE) simulation. 20% Balistic Gelatin material (BG) is simulated with an elasto-plastic hydrodynamic constitutive law, and then impacted by steel spheres at different velocities. The results from the FE simulations are compared with existing experimental data and other ...

In order to test recently predicted ballistic nanofriction (ultra-low drag and enhanced lubricity) of gold nanocrystals on graphite at high surface speeds, we use the quartz microbalance technique to measure the impact of deposition of gold nanocrystals on graphene. We analyze our measurements of changes in frequency and dissipation induced by nanocrystals using a framework developed for fricti...

PURPOSE Ballistic impact studies and supercomputer modeling were performed to elicit the mechanisms of optic nerve rupture that may accompany blunt ocular trauma. METHODS Paintball ocular impact responses were studied with abattoir-fresh porcine eyes. Physics-based numerical code CTH was used to produce robust geometric and constitutive models of the eye and orbit, providing a comparative 3-D...

Electronic transport in ferromagnetic ballistic conductors is predicted to exhibit ballistic anisotropic magnetoresistance-a change in the ballistic conductance with the direction of magnetization. This phenomenon originates from the effect of the spin-orbit interaction on the electronic band structure which leads to a change in the number of bands crossing the Fermi energy when the magnetizati...