Presented here is the case of a nine-month-old boy with the osteomyelitis of the upper area sternum caused by bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the Danish 1331 strain vaccine against tuberculosis. Upon examination, a swelling of approximately 2×3 cm diameter was observed in the upper sternal area. The mass was hard, fixed and sensitive to palpation with no local skin hyperaemia. Chest X-rays reve...

As a treatment for superficial transitional cell carcinoma, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) intravesical instillation can rarely cause unpredictable systemic side effects. We describe a patient admitted due to continuous pyrexia and general fatigue. He was previously treated with intravesical BCG. Laboratory data indicated a hepatic disorder, and chest computed tomography revealed extensive bila...

For more than 70 years, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccines have been administered safely to billions of individuals throughout the world. Local adverse reactions following BCG vaccination usually occur at a rate of 0.1 to 0.5 per 1000 vaccinations, and serious, disseminated complications occur at a rate of less than 1 in a million vaccinations [1]. Physicians should be aware of the various...

Rare cases of tuberculous urinary tract or genital infection caused by intravesical Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillation therapy have been reported. We encountered a patient with tuberculous granuloma in the scrotal skin after intravesical BCG therapy for bladder cancer. There was evidence of infection in the scrotal skin, but not in the epididymis. To the best of our knowle...

We have established a long-term culture system to study macrophages chronically infected with mycobacteria. Monocytes are infected with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and support exponential intracellular replication without profound perturbation of normal host cell function. We have used this system to investigate lymphokine-activated killer (LAK)-mediated cytolysis. We have found that interle...

Results: Eight patients had a confirmed diagnosis of GUTB in our center since 2008, including three cases related to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) instillations. In the GUTB group, there were two males and three females, aging from 54 to 72 years (mean 62 ± 7.8 years). Symptoms started 3-14 years prior to diagnosis. Diagnosis was confirmed with positive urine culture in three, uri...

Tuberculosis, a re-emerging public health problem, is uncommon in infancy. Two healthy completely immunized infants presenting with manifestations compatible with osteoarticular infection required surgical debridement. The cultures of the specimens were positive for M. tuberculosis (MTB) complex comprised multiple subspecies. One case was misdiagnosed as a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) related...

Treatment options for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) refractory to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy is reviewed in this article based on the recent published literature. Although intravesical BCG is the best bladder sparing treatment option for NMIBC to prevent recurrence and progression, about 1/3 of cases are refractory to this treatment. At this p...

This study examined the role of intranasal vaccination with Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen85 complex proteins formulated in dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide against airway Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge in mice. Intranasal vaccination with antigen85A and antigen85B induced a significantly higher level of interferon-gamma, interleukin-12 and interleukin-4 in cervical lymph nodes tog...

Empyema thoracis is defined as the collection of pus in the pleural cavity. Mycobacterium tuberculosis as an etiological agent accounts for only 2% of the tuberculous pleurisy cases. History of contact and absence of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG) vaccination scar are usually seen. We are hereby reporting, a 4 year old male child with left sided tuberculous empyema who had been adequately immuni...