Galactinol synthase (GS) was purified 1591-fold with a 3.9% recovery from the cotyledon of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) by a novel scheme consisting of ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by diethylaminoethyl, Affi-Gel Blue, and UDP-hexanolamine affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme had a specific activity of 8.75 mumol mg-1 min-1, a pH optimum of 7.0, and requirements for mangan...

Preparation and characterization of antisera against lettuce (Lactuca sativa L., cv. Grand Rapids) and pea (Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska) phytochrome is described. These antisera, together with previously obtained antisera against zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L., cv. Black Beauty) and oat (Avena sativa L., cv. Garry) phytochrome, were used to compare by Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion phytochrom...

Surfactants are widely used in household and industrial products. The risk of incorporation of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) from biosolids, wastewater, and fertilizers land application to the food chain is being assessed at present by the European Union. In the present work, a complete analytical method for LAS trace determination has been developed and successfully applied to LAS (C10-...

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been applied to plant virology since 2009. NGS provides highly efficient, rapid, low cost DNA, or RNA high-throughput sequencing of the genomes of plant viruses and viroids and of the specific small RNAs generated during the infection process. These small RNAs, which cover frequently the whole genome of the infectious agent, are 21-24 nt long and are known a...

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is an economically important vegetable worldwide and is the largest source of carotenoids and provitamin A in the human diet. Given the importance of this vegetable to humans, research and breeding communities on carrot should obtain useful genomic and transcriptomic information. The first whole-genome sequences of 'DC-27' carrot were de novo assembled and analyzed. Tr...

The main aim of this work was to study the kinetics of the extraction of β-carotene by solvent (ethanol) extraction from carrots dried at 50oC in an oven. The moisture content after drying was 11±1.5% (dry weight basis). Extraction time was 5 hours and extraction process was carried out at 30oC. The ratio of Carrot (gm): ethanol (ml) of 1:60 was maintained throughout the extraction process. The...

to evaluate the effects of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and chemical phosphorous fertilizer on turnip (brassica rapa) forage yield under limited irrigation regimes, a field experiment was conducted in research farm of college of agriculture and natural resources, university of tehran, in karaj/iran during 2009 growing season. the experimental treatments were arranged as split plots. five lev...

Abstract It is known that vegetables are sources of vitamins, biologically active substances, antioxidants and other vital micronutrients. In particular, pumpkin vegetable crops (zucchini, squash) contain all the necessary mineral salts, trace elements, pectin ascorbic acid not too many sugars. Varieties characterized by a diverse biochemical composition suitable to various degrees for obtainin...

The full-length cDNA of a Taiwan strain of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV TW-TN3) was constructed from five overlapping cDNA clones downstream from the bacteriophage T7 promoter in plasmid pT7ZYMV25. The plasmid was able to generate an in vitro transcript corresponding to TW-TN3 (9591 nt) with one extra guanosine residue at the 5 ́ terminus and a poly(A)95 tract at the 3 ́ end. In addition, p...

Host specialization is a ubiquitous character of phytophagous insects. The polyphagous population is usually composed of some subpopulations that can use only a few closely related plants. Cotton-melon aphids, Aphis gossypii Glover exhibited strong host specialization, and the cotton- and cucurbits-specialized biotypes had been clearly identified. However, the experimental work that addressed t...