INTRODUCTION Axillary nodal metastasis is very rare in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The few cases reported in the literature all involve patients who have previously undergone either neck dissection alone, or neck dissection and radiotherapy to the neck, and subsequently develop delayed recurrences of disease, with axillary nodal involvement. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of...

BACKGROUND In patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer, diagnosed with palpation and several types of imaging examination, sentinel lymph nodes accurately predict the status of the other axillary nodes, which determine the nature of subsequent adjuvant treatment. In addition, compared with axillary lymph node dissection, sentinel-node biopsy results in less postoperative morbidity, ...

Sparganosis of the breast is an uncommon disease, but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unusual and suspicious breast masses. A history of ingesting contaminated water and direct ingestion of snakes and frogs may help in differential diagnosis of the mass. Complete surgical removal is the treatment of choice and provides a definite diagnosis. We report a case of multiple axi...

Malignant adenomyoepithelioma of the breast is a rare tumour with around 30 cases reported in the literature. Metastases associated with these tumours are usually haematogenous. Axillary lymph node metastases are thought to be unusual, and it has been recently suggested that axillary node dissection is not indicated unless clinically palpable. We here present a case of a 63-year-old woman, who ...

BACKGROUND After completion of axillary dissection, many breast cancer patients with axillary sentinel nodal involvement are found to have regional disease limited to the sentinel nodes. These patients are exposed to the morbidity of axillary clearance without any expected therapeutic benefit. METHODS Sentinel node biopsy was performed either with Patent blue dye or with a combined dye, radio...

Axillary lymph node (ALN) status is an important factor in the staging, prognosis and selection of an appropriate treatment modality in early breast cancer. Axillary dissection is currently the standard of care in patients with a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) (Mcmasters et al., 2000; Cady, 2001). Recently, the survival benefit of completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for all pat...

Introduction: Previous mastectomy remains a contraindication to SLNB as normal drainage patterns of the breast can be disturbed. Patients diagnosed with DCIS on core biopsy and later found to have microinvasive or invasive carcinoma at the time of mastectomy are deprived of the opportunity for SLNB and need to undergo axillary dissection. We explored the option and feasibility of performing SLN...

Background. In breast cancer, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is widely used to assess the axilla when the nodes appear normal on palpation and ultrasonography. When the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) are negative, no further dissection is required. Surgical dissection or radiotherapy of the axilla is indicated for macrometastases, as well as adjuvant therapy for macrometastases and micrometasta...