Two inbred rat lines have been developed that show either high (HAB) or low (LAB) anxiety-related behavior. The behavioral phenotype correlates with arginine vasopressin (AVP) expression at the level of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), but not supraoptic nucleus, with HAB animals overexpressing the neuropeptide in both magnocellular and parvocellular subdivisions of the PVN. We d...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP), a hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary, plays a vital role in maintaining vasomotor tone during acute blood loss. We hypothesized that decompensated hemorrhagic shock is associated with decreased AVP stores and supplementation during resuscitation would improve both blood pressure and renal function. Using a decompensated hemorrhagic shock model, male Long-Eva...

To determine whether the nocturnal decrease in arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion into the plasma, found in a patient with multiple system atrophy (MSA) reported previously, is a usual finding in MSA, the plasma AVP concentrations in 13 patients with MSA were measured every 4 hours during a 24 hour period. The plasma AVP concentrations in these patients showed significant daily variations and...

BACKGROUND Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a vasoactive hormone that acts on the kidney to conserve solute-free water and produces a potent vasoconstrictive effect during hypovolemic states. AVP levels are elevated in adults with congestive heart failure (CHF), and early clinical trials using AVP antagonists are being conducted. The purpose of this study was to determine if AVP levels (1) are ele...

Peritubular arginine vasopressin (AVP) regulates bicarbonate reabsorption in the cortical distal tubule via V(1) and V(2) receptors. The dose-dependent effects of peritubular AVP on net bicarbonate reabsorption (J(HCO)) were evaluated by stationary microperfusion of in vivo early (ED; distal convoluted tubule) and late distal (LD; connecting tubule and initial collecting duct) segments of rat k...

In many mammals, species-appropriate social behavior is necessary for an individual's ability to survive and reproduce. In the present study, we examined whether arginine-vasopressin (AVP) pathways that have been associated with social behavior differed between two closely related species of Peromyscus mice with different patterns of maternal behavior. We also tested whether individual levels o...

Phenytoin, a voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV channel) antagonist, reportedly inhibits arginine vasopressin (AVP) release from an isolated rat neurohypophysis. So far, it is uncertain whether phenytoin has a direct action on ectopic AVP-producing neuroendocrine tumors. We studied the effect of phenytoin on the release of copeptin, the C-terminal fragment of pro-AVP, and expression of AVP gene ...

The pharmacological profile and the acute and chronic aquaretic effects of OPC-41061, a novel nonpeptide human arginine vasopressin (AVP) V2-receptor antagonist, were respectively characterized in HeLa cells expressing cloned human AVP receptors and in conscious male rats. OPC-41061 antagonized [3H]-AVP binding to human V2-receptors (Ki = 0.43 +/- 0.06 nM) more potently than AVP (Ki = 0. 78 +/-...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and its nonmammalian homolog arginine vasotocin influence social behaviors ranging from affiliation to resident-intruder aggression. Although numerous sites of action have been established for these behavioral effects, the involvement of specific AVP cell groups in the brain is poorly understood, and socially elicited Fos responses have not been quantified for many of...

Vasopressin signaling has important effects on the regulation of social behaviors and stress responses, and is considered a promising pathway to target for new therapeutics of stress-induced psychiatric disorders. Although there is evidence for sex differences in the behavioral effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP), few data have directly compared the effects of stress on endogenous AVP signali...