in this paper, the 10-minutes period measured wind speed data at different heights (10 m, 30 m, and 40 m) are presented for khvaf, which is one of the major counties with high wind potential in khorasan provinces in iran. to the author’s knowledge, there hasn’t been any assessment works in the mentioned site. from the primary evaluation and by determining mean wind speed and also the weibull fu...

Wind is a significant factor in the thermoregulation of chicks of shorebirds on the Arctic tundra. We investigated the effect of wind at speeds typical of near-surface conditions (0.1-3 ms(-1)) on metabolic heat production, evaporative cooling and thermal conductance of 1- to 3- week-old downy scolopacid chicks (least sandpiper Calidris minutilla; short-billed dowitcher Limnodromus griseus; whi...

Wind resource in the continental and offshore United States has been reconstructed and characterized using metrics that describe, apart from abundance, its availability, persistence and intermittency. The Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) boundary layer flux data has been used to construct wind profile at 50 m, 80 m, 100 m, 120 m turbine hub heights. The wi...

Using accurate inputs of wind speed is crucial in wind resource assessment, as predicted power is proportional to the wind speed cubed. This study outlines a methodology for combining multiple ocean satellite winds and winds from WRF simulations in order to acquire the accurate reconstructed offshore winds which can be used for offshore wind resource assessment. First, wind speeds retrieved fro...

The development of renewable energy technologies such as wind turbines forms a vital part of strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. Although large wind farms generate the majority of wind energy, the small wind turbine (SWT, units generating <50 kW) sector is growing rapidly. In spite of evidence of effects of large wind farms on birds and bats, effects of SWTs on wildlife hav...

In the present work, geophysical model func[ions (GMFs) for altimeter wind speed measurements are described. These GMFs account for an effect of [he actual degree of sea development on the radar cro~ section by utilizing information on the significant wave height. The wind speed mertsurement accuracy achieved (the overall bias 0.1 m/s and the rms error about 1.6 m/s) is higher than the accuracy...

We extend the functionality of a low-cost CW diode laser coherent lidar from radial wind speed (scalar) sensing to wind velocity (vector) measurements. Both speed and horizontal direction of the wind at ~80 m remote distance are derived from two successive radial speed estimates by alternately steering the lidar probe beam in two different lines-of-sight (LOS) with a 60° angular separation. Dua...