The progressive adoption of artificial intelligence and advanced communication technologies within railway control automation has brought up a huge potential in terms optimisation, learning adaptation, due to the so-called “self-x” capabilities; however, it also raised several dependability concerns lack measurable trust that is needed for certification purposes. In this paper, we provide visio...

The safety of software is becoming increasingly important as computers pervade control systems on which human life depends. This has become more complex and in rail transportation fields and the methods to ensure its correctness have been slow in development. One feasible approach is to mathematically verify software design in such systems with Formal Methods. ATP (Automatic Train Protection) i...

A RAMS (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety) document concerned with a brand new digital ATC (Automatic Train Control) system has been developed in proportion to IEC 62278. The ATC system is going to be applied for the most important commuter lines in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area in place of the present analog ATC system. East Japan Railway has taken a leading role in the safet...

Recently, bicycles are used as exercising machines and traffic vehicles. Planetary gear trains can be used as the transmission systems with multi-speed for bicycles. The purpose of this work is to propose a design methodology for the design of automatic three-speed gear hubs with planetary gear trains for bicycles. First, applying the check list method (combining and extending methods), the des...