BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The induction of the general anesthesia in patients on "a full stomach" can result in regurgitation of the gastric content and pulmonary aspiration. The function of the rapid sequence induction (RSI) is to minimize the time interval between the loss of the airway protection reflexes and tracheal intubation tube balloon. The objective of this study was to evaluate the r...

Echolocating bats have adaptations of the larynx such as hypertrophied intrinsic musculature and calcified or ossified cartilages to support sonar emission. We examined growth and development of the larynx relative to developing flight ability in Jamaican fruit bats to assess how changes in sonar production are coordinated with the onset of flight during ontogeny as a window for understanding t...

The infant larynx differs from that of the adult in more ways than size alone . Its position in the neck is more cephalad than in the adult. The thyroid notch positioned high, posterior to the hyoid bone, the bone obscuring the thyroid notch as a landmark for tracheotomy. The epiglottis has an omega shape and may be somewhat tubular . The cuneiform cartilages, arytenoids, and posterior supraglo...

Introduction: Laryngeal cancer is the most common non-cutaneous cancer in the head and neck. The initial treatment is typically radiation therapy. If the tumor persists or recurs, then total laryngectomy is often required [1]. Laryngeal cartilage invasion is considered by most clinicians to be a contraindication to primary radiation therapy, since it implies a greater likelihood of radiation tr...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of using tissue-engineered cartilage for laryngotracheal reconstruction in the pig model. DESIGN Auricular cartilage was harvested from 3 young swine. The cartilage was digested, processed, and suspended and a cell culture was obtained. The cells were then suspended in 3 mL of a 30% solution of a biodegradable polymer (Pluronic F-127) (polyethylene oxide/...

Carotid arterial system are vessels of head and neck region. Comprehensive understanding on its branching configuration is considerable importance to avoid accidental injury during surgical interventions. Common carotid artery (CCA) usually bifurcates into external (ECA) internal (ICA) at level upper border thyroid cartilage. Normally ECA lies anteromedial ICA commencement provides branches, bu...

Laryngeal chondrosarcoma (CS) is a very rare entity. It is usually seen in 50-80-year olds. It is developed from cricoid cartilage largely. Patients have laryngeal CS complaint of respiratuvar distress, dysphonia, and dysphagia generally. A submucous mass is usually seen in physical examination with an intact mucosa. Distant metastasis is rare in CSs. Main treatment is surgical excision. An 82-...