BACKGROUND Off-line calculation of the pulse pressure variation (PPV(ref)) has repeatedly been shown to be a reliable predictor of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients. This study was designed to assess the ability of two algorithms for automated calculation of PPV (PPV(auto)) (Intellivue MP 70) and stroke volume variation (SVV(auto)) (FloTrac/Vigileo) to predict fluid respo...

THE EFFECTS of altered arterial blood pressure on cerebral blood flow ( CBF ) have been well documented by Lassen 1'2 and Olesen 3 in man, and by Rapela, 4 Waltz ~ and Yashon 6 in dogs. The critical determinants of cerebral blood flow are the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and the cerebrovascular resistance (CVR). The CPP is the difference between the driving force of the mean arterial press...

Autoimmune diseases affect approximately 3% of the population and are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, they are the focus of vivid research aimed at the delineation of pathology, more efficient diagnosis and therapy. Phage display is a simple methodology markedly useful in studying protein-protein interactions which are the driving forces of (patho)physiological proces...

Traditionally rectal symptoms following pelvic/prostate radiotherapy are correlated to the dosimetry of the anorectum or a substructure of this. It has been suggested that the perirectal fat space (PRS) surrounding the rectum may also be relevant. This study considers the delineation and dosimetry of the PRS related to both rectal bleeding and control-related toxicity. Initially, a case-control...

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Background: Metabolic tumour volume assessment using positron emission tomography (PET) may be of interest for both target volume definition in radiotherapy and monitoring response to therapy. It has been reported, however, that metabolic volumes derived from images of metabolic rate of glucose (generated using Patlak analysis) are smaller than those derived from standardized uptake value (SUV)...

The frontal cortex (FCX) plays a key role in processes that control mood, cognition and motor behaviour, functions which are compromised in depression, schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. In this regard, there is considerable evidence that a perturbation of monoaminergic input to the FCX is involved in the pathogenesis of these states. Correspondingly, the modulation of monoaminergic...

The TSHR (thyrotropin receptor) is activated endogenously by the large hormone thyrotropin and activated pathologically by auto-antibodies. Both activate and bind at the extracellular domain. Recently, SMLs (small-molecule ligands) have been identified, which bind in an allosteric binding pocket within the transmembrane domain. Modelling driven site-directed mutagenesis of amino acids lining th...

auto-reactive cells-mediated immune responses are responsible for the current tissue damages during autoimmunity. accordingly, functional modulation of auto-reactive cells has been a pivotal aim in many of recent studies. in the current study, we investigated the possibility for insertion of regulatory molecules onto auto-reactive cells through exosomal nano-shuttles as a novel approach for phe...

auto-inflammatory syndromes are a new group of distinct hereditable disorders characterized by episodes of seemingly unprovoked inflammation (most commonly in skin, joints, gut, and eye), the absence of a high titer of auto-antibodies or auto-reactive t cells, and an inborn error of innate immunity. a narrative literature review was carried out of studies related to auto-inflammatory syndromes ...