Commentary Warlaumont, Richards, Gilkerson, and Oller (2014) described a social feedback loop whereby greater contingency of parents' responses to their children's speechlike vocalizations predicts their children's production of more speechlike vocalizations. In applying this model to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Warlaumont et al. reported two primary findings: First, children with ASD produ...

This study examines the claim that autistic children lack a "theory of mind" because of an inability to metarepresent. We argue that if autistic children have a "metarepresentational" deficit in Leslie's (1987, 1988) sense of the term, then they should have difficulty not only with mental representations such as false beliefs, but also with external representations such as photographs. Autistic...

Background: Autistic spectrum disorder is long life neuro-developmental disorder. The objectives of this study were to describe caries status for children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and to provide baseline data to facilitate future planning of dental services to those children. Material and Method: A descriptive cross sectional study in Khartoum area for 43 autistic children attendin...

BACKGROUND Autism spectrum conditions have been characterised as an extreme presentation of certain male-typical psychological traits. In addition, several studies have established a link between prenatal exposure to testosterone and cognitive sex differences in later life, and one study found that foetal testosterone (FT) is positively correlated to autistic traits in 6 to 10 year-old children...

Background: Parents in different cultures show different psychological functioning when caring for a child with chronic disability such as autistic disorder. Arabs are united in a shared culture that is considered substantially different from their western counterparts. Nevertheless, no investigations regarding the experience of parenting a child with autistic disorder have been made in the Ara...

BACKGROUND Autism is associated with intellectual disability. The strength and origin of this association is unclear. AIMS To investigate the association between extreme autistic traits and intellectual disability in children from a community-based sample and to examine whether the association can be explained by genetic factors. METHOD Children scoring in the extreme 5% on measures of auti...

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a modulated program of parenting skills and to evaluate its effectiveness in reducing autistic symptoms and increasing parental adjustment. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized in two phases, a pretest- posttest design and a control group. First, a treatment program with both individual and group structure was constructed considering available...

Unusual reactions to sensory input became part of the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder in the DSM-5. Measures accurately assessing these symptoms are important for clinical decisions. This study examined the reliability and validity of the Sensory Behavior Questionnaire, a parent-report scale designed to assess frequency and impact of sensory behaviors in autistic children. The ...

Autism is a neurological disorder of childhood with poorly understood etiology and pathology. We compared lipid peroxidation status in the plasma of children with autism, and their developmentally normal non-autistic siblings by quantifying the levels of malonyldialdehyde, an end product of fatty acid oxidation. Lipid peroxidation was found to be elevated in autism indicating that oxidative str...