introduction gradenigo’s syndrome consists of ophthalmoplegia, facial palsy, and facial pain due to involvement of abducens and facial nerves as well as the trigeminal ganglion. this involvement is due to infections of ipsilateral middle ear and mastoid bone. case presentation a 14-month-old girl was referred to a private clinic with chief complaint of acute and sudden-onset right ophthalmopleg...

recently, extensive efforts have been made to understand the rate of energy expenditure and the weight gain associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment, including identification of markers of obesity risk. in recent years, leptin, an adipocyte hormone, has gained significant interest in psychiatric disorders. s100b has been considered as a surrogate marker for astrocyte-specific damage in ...

a dead canary from a mixed species zoological garden was presented for diagnostic necropsy. cachexia with prominent atrophy of pectoral muscles, yellowish brown discoloration of the liver and kidney, dark brown to black intestinal contents and moderate proventricular dilatation with some degree of catarrhal gastritis were the significant macroscopic findings. parenchymatous organs like the live...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The differentiation between Parkinson disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes can be challenging in clinical practice, especially in early disease stages. Brain MR imaging can help to increase certainty about the diagnosis. Our goal was to evaluate the added value of SWI in relation to conventional 3T brain MR imaging for the diagnostic work-up of early-stage parkinso...

Atypical rough cell filaments of Listeria monocytogenes (designated FR variants), isolated from clinical and food samples, form long filaments up to 96 microm in length and demonstrated wild-type levels of adherence, invasion, and cytotoxicity to human epithelial HEp-2, Caco-2, and HeLa cells. Unlike previously described avirulent rough mutants of L. monocytogenes that secrete diminished levels...

background: mycobacterium marinum infection has a worldwide distribution and the organism occupies many aquatic environments. infections in human consist of nodular cutaneous lesions that can progress to tenosynovitis, arthritis, and osteomyelitis. case presentation: a 27-year-old man was presented with a history of swelling and exudative erythematous lesions and pustules of the right forearm. ...

background: bisphosphonates (bps) are used extensively for managing the osteoporosis. there are some controversies on atypical fractures of femur that associated with increase in cortical thickness (ct) and bps' use. in this study, the effects of alendronate consumption were studied on femoral ct as a predictor for atypical fracture.   methods: forty nine post-menopausal women aged 50-70 years ...