The advent of modern Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has radically changed our ability to access information and to communicate. Whilst once information was a scarce, and hard to access resource, nowadays human attention has become the scarce resource and information (of all types and qualities) abounds. This state of things directly impacts processes of knowledge creation whic...

This article discussed some ways in which a history of failure experiences can enhance negative affect and cognitive avoidance and further impair attentional and organizational abilities associated with ADHD. Accordingly,psychosocial interventions have two targets: providing training in organizational and attentional skills while addressing patterns that motivate demand-related distress and avo...

Thalamic projections to prefrontal cortex are important for executive aspects of attention. Using two-photon imaging in prefrontal brain slices, we show that nicotine and the wakefulness neuropeptide hypocretin (orexin) excite the same identified synapses of the thalamocortical arousal pathway within the prefrontal cortex. Although it is known that attention can be improved when nicotine is inf...

Because both articulatory rehearsal and attentional refreshing aid in the maintenance of verbal information in the short term, the present study evaluated the adaptive use of these mechanisms, using a complex span paradigm. In Experiment 1, the phonological similarity of memory list words and the attentional demand of concurrent processing were manipulated. As was predicted, a phonological simi...

Title of Document: PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ATTENTIONAL PROCESSES DURING MOTOR LEARNING Jeremy Carl Rietschel, Ph.D., 2011 Directed By: Professor & Chair Bradley D. Hatfield, Kinesiology As one becomes more proficient at a motor task the attentional demand required to perform that task decreases. Behavioral evidence suggests that experienced individuals possess greater attentional r...

abstract introduction. previous research has led to conflicting findings on whether patients with subclinical or clinical obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd) share an attentional bias for stimulies that are related to their current concerns, a finding that has been observed in other anxiety disorders. objectives. the present study aimed to determine whether there was a difference in attentional...

The simple postural task of quiet standing, which requires minimal attentional resources, is generally paired with cognitive activity. Competition for attentional resources is a consequence of simultaneously performing balance tasks and cognitive tasks, and impairment of attentional resource allocation with aging leads to increased risks of fall. We investigated age-related changes in posture c...

A survey of the attention literature reveals the prominence of the attentional blink (AB)--a deficit in reporting the second of two targets when presented in close temporal succession. For two decades, this robust attentional phenomenon has been a major topic in attention research because it is informative about the rate at which stimuli can be encoded into consciously accessible representation...

Aims To examine whether a group of social drinkers showed longer response latencies to alcohol-related stimuli than neutral stimuli and to test whether exposure to 1) an alcohol-related environment and 2) consumption related cues influenced the interference from alcohol-related stimuli. Methods A 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 factorial design with Exposure Group (high, low) and Consumption Group (high, low) ...

Brain oscillations in various frequency bands have been shown to be an important means of enabling interarea communication for high-level cognitive performance. Interestingly, perturbation to such oscillations in the form of weak noise has been shown to benefit perception in tasks such as the attentional blink (AB). Here, we investigated perturbation intrinsic to the AB task in two conditions i...