Low-order harmonics, 3rd and 5th, of IR (1064 nm) laser emission have been produced in laser ablation plasmas of the metals manganese, copper and silver. The harmonics were generated in a process triggered by laser ablation followed by frequency upconversion of a fundamental laser beam that propagates parallel to the target surface. These studies were carried out in two temporal regimes by crea...

We present a parallel Cartesian-grid-based time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) solver for modeling laser–atom interactions. It can simulate the single-electron dynamics of atoms in arbitrary time-dependent vector potentials.We use a split-operatormethod combinedwith fast Fourier transforms (FFT), on a three-dimensional (3D) Cartesian grid. Parallelization is realized using a 2D decomposi...

Femtosecond laser direct writing (FLDW) has been widely employed to create volumetric structures in transparent materials that are applicable as various photonic devices such as active and passive waveguides, couplers, gratings, and diffractive optical elements (DOEs). The advantages of fabrication of volumetric DOEs using FLDW include not only the ability to produce embedded 3D structures but ...

Introduction In 1916 Albert Einstein postulated the effect of stimulated emission of radiation and thereby laid the theoretical foundations of modern laser technology. However, it was not before 1960 that the first laser, a ruby laser, was built by T.H. Maiman. Today, lasers are widely employed in both civilian and military settings. Examples for civilian applications include CD-players, medica...

Laser welding has been widely used in various industry fields. In order to further alter and broaden its applicability, a novel technology of laser welding under vacuum is introduced. The combination of high power laser and low ambient pressure provides an excellent welding performance and quality. In this paper, an overview on laser welding under vacuum is presented. It begins with a short int...

At PTB we have developed an optical frequency standard based on laser cooled calcium atoms. A laser is frequencystabilized to the intercombination transition at a wavelength of 657 nm by means of time-domain atom interferences. The dependence of its frequency on various parameters was investigated by using different excitation schemes corresponding to phase sensitive and frequency sensitive ato...

We discuss radiative corrections to an atomic two-level system subject to an intense driving laser field. It is shown that the Lamb shift of the laser-dressed states, which are the natural state basis of the combined atom-laser system, cannot be explained in terms of the Lamb shift received by the atomic bare states which is usually observed in spectroscopic experiments. In the final part, we p...

Orders of magnitude increases are predicted in the cross sections for electron-atom scattering accompanied by absorption or emission of n laser photons for incident electron energies at which the electron, by emitting micro laser photons, can be captured by the atom to form a negative ion. Enhancements are most significant in the plateau region (n>>micro) of the scattered electron spectrum, who...

In the framework of mean-field approximation the dynamics of BoseEinstein condensates can be described by the hydrodynamic-like equations. These equations are analyzed here with account of mutual interaction between condensate and non-condensate atoms. The Lagrange invariants and freezing-in invariants of such a system have been found. This allows to get some necessary conditions for creation o...

We consider a three-level model of a one-atom laser, and show that there are two limiting regimes of parameter space, one in which the system behaves like a conventional laser and one in which the system exhibits novel quantum properties. We show that in the first limiting regime, the model can be approximated by semiclassical laser theory, and in the second limiting regime the model can be app...