The dynamics of the quiet solar atmosphere are highly nonlinear. Both the standing waves of solar oscillations and acoustic waves generated in the upper convection zone become nonlinear in the atmosphere and transform into shock waves. Interactions of shock waves, the formation of contact discontinuities, and interactions of shocks with these discontinuities will occur. The strong nonlinear dyn...

Aerosols can affect the cloud-radiation feedback and the precipitation over the Indian monsoon region. In this paper, we propose that another pathway by which aerosols can modulate the multi-scale aspect of Indian monsoons is by altering the land–atmosphere interactions. The nonlinear feedbacks due to aerosol/diffuse radiation on coupled interactions over the Indian monsoon region are studied b...

[1] We review teleconnections within the atmosphere and ocean, their dynamics and their role in coupled climate variability. We concentrate on teleconnections in the latitudinal direction, notably tropical-extratropical and interhemispheric interactions, and discuss the timescales of several teleconnection processes. The tropical impact on extratropical climate is accomplished mainly through th...

A new flexible hexakis-fullerene adduct with two bis(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)malonate groups located at trans-1 positions was synthesized. Via reaction with Ag(PF6) under two different conditions, two new 1D coordination polymers were obtained; under a nitrogen atmosphere, the silver ions are connected by argentophilic interactions but under an ambient atmosphere, the silver ions exhibit no interact...

The primary scientific objectives of the proposed research are to use a coupled atmosphere--ocean model to investigate and quantify the interaction between the oceanic and atmospheric boundary layers and its effect on environmental conditions in the coastal zone. The main focus will be on boundary layer interactions under coastal upwelling conditions, in which cold, upwelled ocean surface water...

Nuclear interactions between inner zone protons and atoms in the upper atmosphere produce energetic H and He nuclei that are an additional radiation belt source. We calculate production rates of these isotopes from models of the inner zone proton intensity, the upper atmosphere drift-averaged composition and densities, and cross sections for the various interaction processes. For comparison wit...

Recent breakthroughs in ultrafast photonics in the mid-IR help understand complex interactions of high-intensity mid-IR field waveforms with matter, offer new approaches for xray generation, enable mid-IR laser filamentation in the atmosphere, facilitate lasing in filaments, give rise to unique regimes of lasermatter interactions, and reveal unexpected properties of materials in the mid-IR range.

We review the role of ocean-atmosphere interactions over the Atlantic sector in North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) variability. The emphasis is on physical mechanisms, which are illustrated in simple models and analyzed in observations and numerical models. Some directions of research are proposed to better assess the relevance of Atlantic air-sea interactions to observed and simulated NAO variab...

We briefly discuss GLAST’s capabilities for observing high-energy radiation from various energetic phenomena in our solar system. These emissions include: bremsstrahlung, nuclear-line and pion-decay gamma-radiation, and neutrons from solar flares; bremsstrahlung and pion-decay gamma radiation from cosmic-ray interactions with the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth’s atmosphere; and inverse Compton ra...

The possibility of detection of some features of high energy particle interactions with detectors placed at medium depths underground through studies on high energy muons is studied. These muons carry information about the early interactions occurring during the development of the hadron cascade near the top of the atmosphere. They might reveal the effects resulting from creation of quark gluon...