In this study, membranes were prepared from hydrophilic cellulose acetate (CA) and antibacterial polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) by phase inversion method to improve membrane separation antifouling capacities. The influence of preparation conditions on structure performance has been investigated evaluated. experimental results indicated that the CA have an asymmetric with a den...

In this article, we present a finite element method for studying the dynamic behavior of deformable vesicles, which mimic red blood cells, in non-Newtonian Casson fluid. The fluid membrane, represented by an implicit level-set function, adheres to Canham–Helfrich model and maintains surface inextensibility constraint through penalty. We propose two-step time integration scheme that incorporates...

Starvation induces Bacillus subtilis to initiate a developmental process (sporulation) that includes asymmetric cell division to form the prespore and the mother cell. The integral membrane protein SpoIIE is essential for the prespore-specific activation of the transcription factor sigmaF, and it also has a morphogenic activity required for asymmetric division. An increase in the local concentr...

Asymmetric positioning of the mitotic spindle in C. elegans embryos is mediated by force-generating complexes that are anchored at the plasma membrane and that pull on microtubules growing out from the spindle poles. Although asymmetric distribution of the force generators is thought to underlie asymmetric positioning of the spindle, the number and location of the force generators has not been ...