competitiveness is considered as a key criterion for assessing the success of countries, industries and companies. world economic forum defines competitiveness as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity. moreover, competitiveness can be defined as acquisition more market share, greater profitability and long-term stability and growth of these indic...

For the business academia, the most important phenomena involved in globalization are (1) empowerment of transnational organizations, (2) information technology evolution, (3) increasing international flows of capital, merchandise and data, and (4) the tendency of market homogenization. The organizational studies and strategic management perspectives indicate, respectively, that these combined ...

After quota system was canceled in 2005, as a result of free trade of open market, textile industries in Taiwan have faced some impacts, such as: low-price competition of Chinese Mainland, and regional trade. This situation constantly increases. In addition, good brand traders, who receive benefits after the quota system was canceled, continue to be greater through the merging method, and then ...

Using a large unique patent-strategic alliance dataset over the period 1990 to 2004, we first show that firms faced with greater technological competition are more likely to form alliances. Technological competition is captured by a cosine similarity measure between a firm’s own patent output and the patent output of all other firms in the economy. We further show that alliances lead to more pa...

We use loan-level data to study how the organizational structure of banks impacts small business lending. We find that decentralized banks—where branch managers have greater autonomy over lending decisions—give larger loans to small firms and those with ‘‘soft information.’’ However, decentralized banks are also more responsive to their own competitive environment. They are more likely to expan...

The pursuit of sustainable development requires balancing the objectives of FDI, Trade, economic growth and environmental protection. Achieving a balance between these often-conflicting priorities is difficult enough at the national level, where competing interests are at least grounded in a common environmental, social and economic context. At the international level, where different countries...