This essay examines the role of Marxist concepts in recent architectural theories ecology using two architecture firms, Estudio Teddy Cruz and Sauerbruch Hutton (SH), as case studies. In their writings, SH mobilize critique capital, a dialectical materialist understanding history, Frankfurt School’s functionalist culture for theorization sustainable design. Their work has vital ramifications cu...

Design as scholarship or scholarship of design? ‘‘No’’ to a forced choice of ideology but ‘‘yes’’ to a new model of architectural critical theory. These twinned aspirations of scholarship are frozen by ideological mandates that control signification and visualization. First, we must understand how ideology creates metaphors in teaching and research; then, we must spatialize this same logic to s...

We present techniques that enable designers to algorithmically synthesize cyber-physical architectural models with real-time constraints. We do this by providing a meta-architectural specification language that allows designers to specify what properties their architectural models should have, not how to achieve them. This provides designers with a qualitatively new level of abstraction that en...

In this paper, we explore the primitivity of trinomials over small finite fields. We extend the results of the primitivity of trinomials x + ax + b over F4 [1] to the general form x + ax + b. We prove that for given n and k, one of all the trinomials x + ax + b with b being the primitive element of F4 and a + b 6= 1 is primitive over F4 if and only if all the others are primitive over F4. And w...