In a shared memory multiprocessor system, two or more processors may simultaneously request the use of a shared resource. Therefore, an arbitration circuit is essential to resolve the contention among the competing processors and allocate the resource to the appropriate requesting processor (according to an arbitration protocol). A number of arbiter desians for multiDrocessor systems have been ...

Provision for grievance arbitration has been found in the majority of union contracts in the health care industry. While experience with arbitration is limited in health care compared to the private sector, interest in the process has been growing (perhaps along with the parallel growth of unionization). Arbitration is the terminal step in the grievance procedure, as arbitration awards are enfo...

Existing multicomputer network routers use simple arbitration techniques such as rst-come-rst-serve or round-robin which have signiicant limitations in supporting needs in emerging multicomputer architectures and applications. More exible network resource control at the router level not only provides many beneets such as fair services, uniform resource utilization, and exible topology support, ...

This Essay builds on the available literature to date and offers a more probing examination of the international arbitrator and nationality. The opening section reiterates how arbitrator nationality relates to the traditional requirements of arbitrator impartiality, independence, and neutrality (with which the “arbitrator” is most synonymous); how arbitral rules seek diversity of nationality be...

This paper reexamines a multi-robot transportation task, introduced and studied by Vaughan and his collaborators, in which constrained space induces inter-agent interference. Previous research demonstrated the effectiveness of an arbitration mechanism inspired by biological signaling where the level of aggression displayed by each agent effectively prioritizes the limited resources. This paper ...

The question this paper addresses is how can IT support the resolution of disputes through arbitration and mediation. The first and second parts will examine the benefits of Online Dispute Resolution, some of the pitfalls it may present and how these can be avoided. The third part will then look at one of the more formidable obstaclesthe issue of security of communications. The fourth part will...

In the main streams of comparative law, general legal theory and the study of globalization, there is a general lack of consideration of non-Western legal experience. Such general omission is deeply rooted in the static binaries such as “tradition-modernity” and “East-West,” which make up ‘legal Orientalist’ discourses. This article fills the gap by studying the case China and Japan and analyzi...

Photonic networks-on-chip based on silicon photonics have been proposed to reduce latency and power consumption in future chip multi-core processors (CMP). However, high performance CMPs use a shared memory model which generates large numbers of short messages, creating high arbitration latency overhead for photonic switching networks. In this paper we explore techniques which intelligently use...