In most models of collective motion in animal groups each individual updates its heading based on the current positions and headings of its neighbors. Several authors have investigated the effects of including anticipation into models of this type, and have found that anticipation inhibits polarized collective motion in alignment based models and promotes milling and swarming in the one attract...

Comparative studies have implicated the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in the anticipation of incentives, but the relative responsiveness of this neural substrate during anticipation of rewards versus punishments remains unclear. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated whether the anticipation of increasing monetary rewards and punishments would increase NAcc blood ...

Stimulus anticipation improves perception. To account for this improvement, we investigated how stimulus processing is altered by anticipation. In contrast to a large body of previous work, we employed a demanding perceptual task and investigated sensory responses that occur beyond early evoked activity in contralateral primary sensory areas: Stimulus-induced modulations of neural oscillations....

The ability to make forecasts about events is a goal favored by the so-called exact sciences. In sociology and other social sciences, forecast, although often sought after, not likely be realized unconditionally. This article seeks problematize discuss connection between forecast. object of study has particular features that distinguish it from scientific fields, namely facts situations, which ...