OBJECTIVES Although antibiotic utilization data expressed in defined daily doses (DDDs)/1000 inhabitants/day are often available for a given period and area, the actual antibiotic exposure of the population is rarely explored. We aimed to identify the real antibiotic exposure of the inhabitants of one Hungarian county. METHODS The patient-level dispensing data for 2005 for Csongrád County wer...

OBJECTIVE To look for a quantitative model linking departmental consumption of antibiotic drugs to the subsequent isolation of resistant hospital-acquired coliform pathogens. MATERIALS AND METHODS Included in the study were all patients with hospital-acquired bloodstream infections caused by a coliform pathogen, detected in six departments of internal medicine of one university hospital durin...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate trends and association between antibiotic consumption and resistance during an eight-year period, from 2006 to 2013. DESIGN Prospective multicenter study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Intensive Care Units (ICUs) participating in the four editions of the Italian nosocomial infections surveillance in the ICU Network (Sorveglianza Prospettica delle Infezioni Nosocomiali nelle...

PURPOSE Antimicrobial resistance among microorganisms is a global concern. In 2003, a nationwide antibiotic restriction program (NARP) was released in Turkey. In this study we evaluated the effect of NARP on antibiotic consumption, antimicrobial resistance, and cost. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data obtained from all of the four university hospitals, and one referral tertiary-care educational s...

The public health concerns over the long-term exposure to antibiotics have risen in different parts of the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibiotic consumption pattern in livestock and poultry and to estimate the quantity of antibiotic active ingredient (mg) consumed per unit weight (Kg) of red meat, milk and egg production in Iran in 2010. A cross-sectional study was ...

Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands, countries with low antibiotic use and low antimicrobial resistance, issue yearly reports on antimicrobial consumption and resistance. In these countries the reports have political priority and aim to disseminate information and promote antibiotic strategies within and between countries.