Early phase clinical trials targeting the programmed death receptor-1/ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway to overcome tumor-mediated immunosuppression have reported promising results for a variety of cancers. This pathway appears to play an important role in the failure of immune reactivity to malignant plasma cells in multiple myeloma patients, as the tumor cells express relatively high levels of PD...

Abstract Background The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI’s) in the past decade has proven transformative area immuno-oncology. PD-1 / PD-L1 axis been particularly well studied and monoclonal antibodies developed to block either receptor (anti PD-1) or its associated ligand PD-L1) can generate potent anti-tumour immunity certain tumour models. However, many “immune cold” tumours re...

BACKGROUND Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, and anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab are being in clinic trials to treat melanoma. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of them against advanced melanoma. METHODS Eleven reports from 6 randomized control trials on treating metastatic melanoma, which were divided into 3 subgroups, nivolu...

Background The anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunotherapies have shown exceptional activity in many cancers. However, these immunotherapies can also result in diverse adverse cutaneous eruptions that need to be better characterized for ongoing management. The objective was to provide clinical and histopathologic descriptions of the variety ...

Depletion of CD4(+) cells in tumor-bearing mice has strong antitumor effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects and the therapeutic benefits of CD4(+) cell depletion relative to other immunotherapies have not been fully evaluated. Here, we investigated the antitumor effects of an anti-CD4-depleting mAb as a monotherapy or in combination with immune checkpoint mAbs. In B16F10, Col...

os inhibidores del punto de control inmunitario (IPCI) son un grupo farmacológico destacable dentro la inmunoterapia oncológica. Los IPCI se administran en monoterapia o terapia combinada junto a quimioterápicos como el cisplatino, mostrando excelentes resultados clínicos. Sin embargo, no están exentos reacciones adversas lesión renal inducida por IPCI, mínimamente estudiada y que empeora pronó...

parkinson's disease (pd) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition which has the second largest incidence rate among all other neurodegenerative disorders barring alzheimer's disease (ad). currently there is no cure and researchers continue to probe the therapeutic prospect in cell cultures and animal models of pd. out of several factors contributing to pd prognosis, the role of p38 mapks (mitog...

Purpose: Immunomodulatory drugs differ in mechanism-of-action from directly cytotoxic cancer therapies. Identifying factors predicting clinical response could guide patient selection and therapeutic optimization. Experimental Design: Patients (N 1⁄4 41) with melanoma, non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), colorectal carcinoma, or castration-resistant prostate cancer...

Pretreatment tumor PD-L1 expression has been shown to correlate with response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies. Yet, most patients with PD-L1(+) tumors do not respond to treatment. The current study was undertaken to investigate mechanisms underlying the failure of PD-1-targeted therapies in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) whose tumors express PD-L1. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embed...