نتایج جستجو برای: anthropogenic source
تعداد نتایج: 440868 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
An underwater glider with an acoustic data logger flew toward a recently discovered erupting submarine volcano in the northern Lau basin. With the volcano providing a wide-band sound source, recordings from the two-day survey produced a two-dimensional sound level map spanning 1 km (depth) × 40 km(distance). The observed sound field shows depth- and range-dependence, with the first-order spatia...
INTRODUCTION Emissions from power station stacks and many other anthropogenic sources have substantial vertical velocities and are often hot compared with the surrounding ambient air. These momentum and buoyancy effects cause the emitted plume to rise, increasing the effective source height and, in the main, reducing maximum ground level concentrations. It follows that an accurate prediction of...
امروزه کیفیت توان هم از طرف شبکه و هم از طرف مصرف کنندگان توجه ویژه ای را به خود جلب کرده و این موضوع به خاطر استفاده بسیار گسترده بارهای حساس و تجهیزات الکترونیکی است که ممکن است تحت اختلالاتی نظیر فلیکر ولتاژ، هارمونیک، کمبود و بیشبود ولتاژ و قطعی های موقت قرار بگیرند. این اختلالات موجب عملکرد نامناسب بارهای حساس، گرمای بیش از حد تجهیزات، خرابی موتورهای الکتریکی، اندازه گیری های نادرست و عملک...
Radiocarbon enables a distinction between contemporary and fossil carbon, which can be used for the apportionment of biogenic and anthropogenic sources in environmental studies. In order to apply this approach to carbonaceous atmospheric aerosols, it is necessary to adapt pretreatment procedures to the requirements of 14C measurements. In this work, we followed an approach in which total carbon...
Anthropogenic threats, such as collisions with man-made structures, vehicles, poisoning and predation by domestic pets, combine to kill billions of wildlife annually. Free-ranging domestic cats have been introduced globally and have contributed to multiple wildlife extinctions on islands. The magnitude of mortality they cause in mainland areas remains speculative, with large-scale estimates bas...
Trends in the annual flux of sulfate and nitrate in a new ice core collected at an elevation of 3017 m on Eclipse Icefield, 45 km northeast of Mt. Logan were examined to determine the effect of anthropogenic activity on precipitation chemistry in the remote northwest North American midtroposphere. The annual flux of both sulfate and nitrate at Eclipse began increasing in the 1940s, demonstratin...
We have developed a chemical mechanism describing the tropospheric degradation of chlorine containing very short-lived substances (VSLS). The scheme was included in a global atmospheric model and used to quantify the stratospheric injection of chlorine from anthropogenic VSLS ( ClyVSLS) between 2005 and 2013. By constraining the model with surface measurements of chloroform (CHCl3), dichloromet...
[1] We examine the implications of new estimates of the anthropogenic and lightning nitrogen oxide (NOx) source for the budget of oxidized nitrogen (NOy) over the United States in summer using a 3‐D global chemical transport model (Model of Ozone and Related Tracers‐4). As a result of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) State Implementation call, power plant NOx emissions over the eastern...
Stormwater is a challenging source of coastal pollution to abate because stormwater also involves complex natural processes, and differentiating these processes from anthropogenic excesses is difficult. The goal of this study was to identify the natural concentrations of stormwater constituents along the 1377 km coastline of California, USA. Twenty-eight ocean reference sites, a priori defined ...
Trace metals are intrinsic, natural constituents of our environment. Apart from the natural sources, several anthropogenic ones also contribute to metal concentrations in the environment. Some of the anthropogenic sources of the metals in the environment are: mining, smelting, production and use of the compounds and materials containing the metals, burning of fossil fuels, waste dumping and lea...
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