Leaf venation is an important source of data for research in comparative plant biology. This paper presents a method for evolving classifiers capable of extracting the venation from leaf images. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the classifier produced is carried out. The results show that the method is capable of the extraction of near complete primary and secondary venations with relat...

In implementing the integrated pest management mango (Mangifera indica L.) program using weaver ants (Oecophylla smaragdina F.) as a major component in the Northern Territory of Australia, we received a number of questions from farmers and extension officers asking whether weaver ant marks reduce internal fruit quality and induce fruit rot, which is economically important. However, this issue h...