BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest cause of anovulatory infertility and menstrual cycle abnormalities, but the factors responsible for failure to select a dominant follicle remain unclear. METHOD Source is authors' own studies and search of the relevant literature. RESULTS Arrest of antral follicle growth is associated with an abnormal endocrine environment involvi...

Women are usually diagnosed when in their 20s or 30s, but PCOS may also affect teenage girls. The symptoms often begin when a girl's periods start. Women with this disorder often have a mother or sister who has symptoms similar to those of PCOS. The main features are obesity, anovulation or amenorrhea, acne, and excessive hair growth. It is thought to be one of the leading causes of female infe...

In recent years, mammalian oocytes have been proposed to have important roles in the orchestration of ovarian follicular development and fertility. To determine whether intra-oocyte Foxo3a, a component of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway, influences follicular development and female fertility, a transgenic mouse model was generated with constitutively active Foxo3a exp...

OBJECTIVE To characterize the difference in circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels between the main polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypic groups and evaluate the role of AMH in predicting the severity of PCOS. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional, retrospective study. A total of 251 women were divided into four groups based on the main features of PCOS, as follows: Group 1 (polycystic ...

Background: Earlier studies on the effect of constant electro-acupuncture (EA) treatments in rats with drug-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), has been shown to revise the hormones and neurotransmitter levels. Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim to test the hypothesis that repeated EA treatment modulates Epinephrine (EPI) and Norepinephrine (NE) level of PCOS and anovulatio...

BACKGROUND Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the first therapeutic step in assisted reproductive techniques and many factors, including male and female infertility and technique-dependent factors, have been reported to influence pregnancy rates after IUI. METHODS We carried out this retrospective study on 1201 couples undergoing 3012 intrauterine insemination cycles during 2002 to 2009. Preg...

A 30-year-old primigravid (G1P000) female with infertility secondary to her partner's oligospermia and her chronic anovulation presented 13 days after an oocyte retrieval for in vitro fertilization (IVF) with a positive home pregnancy test, abdominal distention, a 5-pound weight gain, nausea, shortness of breath, and reduced urinary frequency. Her IVF cycle included the usual cocktail for gonad...

The role of anovulation and insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the metabolic abnormality of insulin resistance in PCOS reflects, rather than causes, the ovarian dysfunction. Eight subjects with classical PCOS were studied on two occasions. Adipocyte insulin sensitivity together w...

BACKGROUND Ghrelin is a novel peptide associated with energy balance, obesity, and perhaps gonadal function. The present study was designed in order: (i) to compare plasma ghrelin levels between women with PCOS, women who presented only with hyperandrogenaemia and healthy controls; and (ii) to investigate the relationship between circulating ghrelin and the heterogeneity of clinical and biochem...