A theoretical investigation has been made of core-annular flow: the flow of a high-viscosity liquid core surrounded by a low-viscosity annular liquid layer through a horizontal pipe. Special attention is paid to the question how the buoyancy force on the core, caused by a possible density difference between the core and the annular layer, is counterbalanced. From earlier studies it is known tha...

Recap of project goals The principle goal of the research project is to bring together scientists with seemingly disparate expertise to systematically develop and test hypotheses regarding the impact of large scale climate variability on the carbon cycle. The research is largely focused on the dominant patterns of hemispheric scale variability, the so-called Northern and Southern Hemisphere ann...

Confocal theta fluorescence microscopy using two-photon absorption and annular apertures. In a confocal theta fluorescence microscope, a second objective lens placed orthogonally to the illumination objective lens is used for detection. The addition of annular apertures to such an arrangement leads to a reduction of the volume at half maximum of the point spread function. We show that when the ...

A numerical method based on the SIMPLE algorithm has been developed for the analysis of vapor flow in a concentric annular heat pipe. The steady-state response of a concentric annular heat pipe to various heat fluxes in the evaporator and condenser sections are studied. The fluid flow and heat transfer in the annular vapor space are simulated using Navier-Stokes equations. The governing equatio...

BACKGROUND Mitral annular calcification (MAC) and aortic annular calcification (AVC) may represent a manifestation of generalized atherosclerosis in the elderly. Alterations in vascular structure, as indexed by the intima media thickness (IMT), are also recognized as independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. AIM To examine the relationship between the degree of calcification ...

BACKGROUND Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) has been attributed to annular dilatation, papillary muscle (PM) displacement ("apical leaflet tenting"), or both. We compared the efficacy of reducing annular or subvalvular dimensions to gain more mechanistic insight into acute IMR. METHODS Eight adult sheep underwent implantation of radiopaque markers on the LV, mitral annulus (MA), each leafl...

CONTEXT Annular pancreas is an uncommon congenital abnormality. Co-existence of this condition with a pancreaticobiliary malignancy is an exceptionally rare occurrence. CASE REPORT We present a case report of a 78-year-old woman with jaundice due to an ampullary carcinoma associated with an annular pancreas treated by pancreaticoduodenectomy. CONCLUSIONS A collection of previously reported ...